Enzymes Digestion Flashcards
Why do biological molecules in food have to be digested.
Biological molecules like, proteins and lipids are to large to be absorbed by our villi and pass through the walls of the digestive system. This means they have to be broken down into smaller molecules first
What is starch
Starch is the main carbohydrate we eat and a polymer of glucose made by plants.
Which enzyme breaks down starch and what is it broken into
Starch is broken down by amylase into maltose molecules
What are the 3 food molecules that we need broken down by which enzyme and into what
- Starch by amylase into maltose and other simple Sugars. E.g dextrins
- Proteins are broken down by proteases into amino acids.
- Lids are broken down into lipase into glycerol and fatty acids
Amylase is an example of an carbohydrase and starch is a carbohydrate. Tell me including both these key words
Carbohydrases break carbohydrates into simple Sugars e.g. Amylase breaks down starch into maltose
Amylase is a carbohydrase that breaks down starch into simple Sugars e.g maltose.
What are the 3 places amylase is made in
The salivary glands
The pancreas
The small intestine
Proteses breaks down proteins into amino acids.
Where are the three places proteins are made
The stomach (called pepsin there)
The pancreas
The small intestine
Lipase convert lipids into glycerol and fatty acids.
Where are the two places lipase are made in
The pancreas
The small intestine
Where is bile produced and what does it do
Bile is produced in the liver, stored in the gall bladde and released into the small intestine. The HCL in the stomach is a too low of a pH for the enzymes in the small intestine to work properly so As bile is alkaline it neutralises the acid and makes alkaline conditions that the enzymes in the small intestine work best at.
It also emulsifies fats (breaks fats into tiny droplets) which creates a bigger surface area for lipase to work on which makes digestion faster
How does the body make good use of the products of digestion.
They can be used to make new carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Some of the glucose that’s made is also used In respiration to deliver us oxygen and energy
