Enzymes And Energetics Flashcards
Where are enzymes found
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, extracellular space, etc…
Basically everywhere
What do enzymes do?
-reshape, break, or build molecules (metabolism)
activation energy
The energy required for a reaction to occur
Endothermic/endergonic
Heat energy going in
Exothermic/exergonic
Heat energy going out
Exothermic/exergonic with enzyme
Less activation energy is needed
Proteases
Breaks down proteins into AAs
Lipases
Breaks down lipids into fatty acids, glycerol…
Amylase
Breaks down starch into glucose
Catalase
Breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), makes water and oxygen
Influence of pH and temperatures
- change in tertiary structure of enzyme, changes active site
- denature (changes shape)
Cofactors
- turn enzymes on or off
- bind into allosteric binding site
- vitamins and minerals are cofactors
Biochemical pathways
Product of one enzyme becomes a substrate for the next enzyme
(Digestive system, glycolysis, building tissues)
Negative feedback loop
The more product, the more the system is shut down
What are enzymes made of
-proteins made of amino acids
