enzymes, adaptations and energy

Question 1

what happens to enzymes at extreme pH and temp

Answer 1

• active site changes shape
• cannot form enzyme substrate complexes
• enzyme denatures

Question 2

adaptations of villus in he small intestine (4)

Answer 2

• large SA -> many microvilli
  -large blood supply -> short diffusion distance + maintains concentration gradient
• lacteal -> absorbs fats
• can absorb glucose, glycerol, fatty acids and amino acids into the blood

Question 3

how do you find out how much energy is in a certain food? (9 steps if possible)

Answer 3

1. weigh food product
2. use the same mass of water/ volume
3. measure temp of the water
4. light food product on fire
5. heat water with food product
6. burn food product until it is completely burnt
7. measure the change in water temperature
8. energy content = 4.2 x mass of water x temp change / mass of food product
9. repeat to make reliable