Enzymes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

How can you usually increase the rate of a reaction?

A

By raising the temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens if you raise the temperature of a living creature beyond their limit?

A

The cells begin to get damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the role of enzymes?

A

They reduce the need for high temperatures by speeding up the useful chemical reactions in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are enzymes made of?

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are all proteins made up of?

A

Chains of amino acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens if a substance doesn’t match the enzymes shape?

A

The reaction won’t be catalysed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many reactions do enzymes catalyse?

A

One, the substance has to match the enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What two factors affect the effectiveness of enzymes?

A

Temperature and pH level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What affect does the temperature have on the effectiveness of enzymes?

A

The higher the temperature, the greater the rate of reaction until the temperature gets over 37 degrees at which it begins to decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens to enzymes if the temperature rises above 37 degrees?

A

The bonds that hold the enzyme together begin to break, causing the enzyme to become misshapen and denatured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the effect of the wrong pH on enzymes?

A

The bonds that hold the enzyme together begin to break, causing the enzyme to become misshapen and denatured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the optimum pH for enzymes to work at?

A

Often it’s pH 7, but it is dependent on the enzyme itself, for instance enzymes found in the stomach work best at a pH of around 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the optimum temperature for enzymes to work at?

A

37 degrees (the temperature of the human body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A catalyst produced by living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly