Enzymes

Question 1

What is meant by the term denatured

Answer 1

The protein/enzyme changes shape and will stop working

Question 2

Which enzyme digests starch

Answer 2

Amylase

Question 3

Where is bile produced

Answer 3

In the liver

Question 4

Which enzyme is used to convert glucose into fructose

Answer 4

Isomerase

Question 5

How do enzymes get into rivers

Answer 5

Water from dishwashers and washing machines passes into the sewage system and may eventually reach the rivers

Question 6

What is an enzyme

Answer 6

Enzymes are proteins which act as biological catalysts

Question 7

Why is an enzyme a biological catalyst

Answer 7

Because they are made in cells and they speed up reactions

Question 8

Name some different forms of proteins

Answer 8

Muscle
Hormones
Antibodies
Catalysts

Question 9

Name some functions of proteins

Answer 9

Change one molecule into another
Break down large molecules into smaller ones
Build large molecules from many smaller ones

Question 10

What is the shape of the enzyme vital for and what is it called

Answer 10

Its function this she has an area where all the molecules can fit this is called the active site

Question 11

What is the substrate in a reaction

Answer 11

The material or chemical on which an enzyme acts

Question 12

How does the temperature affect the rate of reaction and how

Answer 12

Reactions take place faster when it is warmer because The molecules move around more quickly so collide with each other more often and with more energy

Question 13

What happens if the enzyme gets too hot

Answer 13

It denatures and stops working

Question 14

What happens if the Ph is too acidic or alkaline for the enzyme

Answer 14

The active site could change shape resulting in the enzyme becoming denatured

Question 15

Where is amylase used and where is it produced

Answer 15

Amylase is used in the mouth and small intestine to catalyse the digestions of starch into sugars. It is produced by the salivary glands the pancreas and the small intestine

Question 16

What is protease used for and where is it produced

Answer 16

Protease is produced by the stomach pancreas and the small intestine. Protease catalyses the breakdown of proteins into amino acid in the stomach and small intestine

Question 17

What is lipase used for and where is it produced

Answer 17

Lipase is produced by the pancreas and small intestine. Lipase catalyses the breakdown of lipids to fatty acids and glycerol

Question 18

What conditions do protease enzymes work best in

Answer 18

Acidic. E.g the stomach

Question 19

what conditions do amylase and lipase work best in

Answer 19

Slightly alkaline, E.g. in the small intestine

Question 20

Where is bile stored once it is produced

Answer 20

In the gallbladder

Question 21

What is the function of bile

Answer 21

It neutralises the stomach acid so the conditions in the small intestine are slightly alkaline

Question 22

Give examples of how enzymes can be used in the home and industry

Answer 22

To create soft centred chocolates
To create biological detergents
To Pre-digest baby food

Question 23

Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using enzymes in industry

Answer 23

AdVantage- less energy or expensive equipment is needed because the reactions can take place at normal temperature and pressure.
Disadvantage – costly to produce denatured at higher temperatures

Question 24

What are proteases used for in baby food

Answer 24

To predigest The proteins for the baby making them easier for the baby to get its nutrients

Question 25

Why do manufacturers advise biological detergents to be used at lower temperatures

Answer 25

Because the enzymes will denature if the temperature gets too high

Question 26

Why are enzymes good in biological washing powders

Answer 26

They are a very effective at removing /Breaking down stains

Question 27

What are proteins made of

Answer 27

Long chains of amino acids