Enzymes

Question 1

What is a catalyst?

Answer 1

A substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction

Question 2

What are enzymes made from?

Answer 2

Proteins

Question 3

How can enzymes catalyse reactions?

Answer 3

They have special shapes that fits onto the substance and usually an enzyme only catalyses one reaction

Question 4

What do enzymes need?

Answer 4

The right temperature and PH level

Question 5

What do digestive molecules do?

Answer 5

Break down big molecules into smaller ones

Question 6

What does amylase do?

Answer 6

Converts starch into maltose (sugars)

Question 7

Where is amylase made?

Answer 7

Salivary gland, pancreas and the small intestines

Question 8

What does protease do?

Answer 8

Converts proteins into amino acids

Question 9

Where is protease made?

Answer 9

Stomach (where it’s called pepsin), pancreas and the small intestine

Question 10

What does lipase do?

Answer 10

Coverts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 11

Where is lipase made?

Answer 11

Pancreas and the small intestine

Question 12

What does bile do?

Answer 12

Neutralises the stomach acid and emulsified fats

Question 13

Where is bile made and stored?

Answer 13

It’s made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder

Question 14

What is the acid in the stomach?

Answer 14

Hydrochloric acid

Question 15

What are the 9 things involved in the digestive system?

Answer 15

Salivary glands, gullet, liver, stomach, gall bladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine and the rectum

Question 16

What does the stomach do in the digestive system?

Answer 16

Pummels food with its muscular walls, produces protease and Hydrochloric acid (kill bacteria and to give the right PH level)

Question 17

What does the pancreas do in the digestive system?

Answer 17

Produces protease, amylase and lipase

Question 18

What does the small intestine do in the digestive system?

Answer 18

Produces protease, amylase and lipase and absorbs digested food into the blood

Question 19

What does the salivary glands do in the digestive system?

Answer 19

Produces amylase in the saliva

Question 20

What does the liver do in the digestive system?

Answer 20

Bile is produces to neutralise stomach acid and emulsifies fats

Question 21

What does the bile do in the digestive system?

Answer 21

Stores bile

Question 22

What does the large intestine do in the digestive system?

Answer 22

Absorbs excess water from the food

Question 23

What is respiration?

Answer 23

The process of releasing energy from glucose which goes on in every cell

Question 24

What is the most efficient way to release energy from glucose?

Answer 24

Aerobic respiration

Question 25

What is aerobic respiration and where does it happen?

Answer 25

Respiration using oxygen in the mitochondria

Question 26

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 26

Glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 27

What four things does aerobic respiration release energy for?

Answer 27

To build up larger molecules from smaller ones, to allow muscles to contract, to keep body temperatures steady and to build sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids

Question 28

What does an increase in muscle activity require and what happens as a consequence?

Answer 28

More glucose and oxygen to be supplied to the muscle cells which means the blood has to flow quicker

Question 29

What is used during vigorous exercise?

Answer 29

Glycogen

Question 30

If there's no oxygen, what happens?

Answer 30

Anaerobic respiration is used

Question 31

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 31

Glucose > energy + lactic acid

Question 32

Why is anaerobic respiration not as efficient as aerobic respiration?

Answer 32

Not as much energy is released

Question 33

What does anaerobic respiration lead to?

Answer 33

Oxygen debt

Question 34

What two enzymes are used in biological detergents?

Answer 34

Protease and lipase

Question 35

What enzyme is used in baby foods to make them 'pre digested'

Answer 35

Protease

Question 36

What enzyme makes fructose syrup?

Answer 36

Isomerise

Question 37

What are the advantages of enzymes in industry?

Answer 37

The specific, lower cost, long lasting and biodegradable

Question 38

What are the disadvantage of enzyme in industry?

Answer 38

People can have allergies, can be denatured and can be expensive to produce