enzymes 2

Question 1

plant cells are made of:

Answer 1

1. lignin (polymer of phenolic compounds)
2. xylan (matrix of heteropolymers)
3. cellulose

Question 2

enzymes for cellulose degration into glucose

Answer 2

1. Endoglucanases will attach to cellulose
2. Cellobiohydrolases 1 and 2 can cleve to the reducing end or the non-reducing end
3. Cellobiase to degrade all the maltose into 2 glucose molecules

Question 3

application of cellulases

Answer 3

1. baking (softer dough)
2. brewing (better filterability)
3. wine and juice production (higher yield)

Question 4

where do you find pectin

Answer 4

cell wall of fruits and veggies

Question 5

which enzyme degrades pectin?

Answer 5

pectinases

Question 6

pectin consist of:
1. smooth regions
2. hairy or branched

Answer 6

1. homogalacturonan
2. xylogalacturonan

Question 7

substrate specificity

Answer 7

enzyme is specific for a structural characterist of the substrate

Question 8

reaction specificity

Answer 8

several enzymes catalyse the conversion of the same substrate, however only one type of reaction takes place for a certain enzyme

Question 9

what is the difference between an exo-enzyme and a endo-enzyme?

Answer 9

An exo-enzyme works from the beginning/end of a chain (from the outside).
An endo-enzyme works from the middle of a chain (from the inside).

Question 10

Pectin esterase:

Answer 10

saponifies pectin with a high degree of esterification

Question 11

Polygalacturonase (pg):

Answer 11

glycoside hydrolase active on pectin acid and pectin with low degree of esterification

Question 12

Pectate lyase

Answer 12

saponifies pectin with a low degree of esterification