Enzymes

Question 1

What are enzymes?

Answer 1

catalyst (in living things there enzymes) decrease the activation energy required; they are not consumed or altered in the reaction.

Question 2

Lock and key model?

Answer 2

states that shape of the enzyme (key) is always complementary to the shape of the substrate (lock)
will fit exactly to form an enzyme-substrate complex

Question 3

Induced fit?

Answer 3

When the enyme and substrate join, they form weak bonds that cause the shape of the enzyme to change, creating complementary shapes

Question 4

Factors affecting enzyme activity?

Answer 4

Higher concentration of enzyme
Higher concentration of substrate
Removing the products of the reaction
Increasing temperature (each type of enzyme have an optimum temp)
Enzymes are very sensitive to the PH of the medium the reaction occurs in (each type of enzyme have an optimum PH)
many require cofactors, the presence of certain ions or non-protien molecules before a reaction will catalyse, they change the shape of the active site so that an enzyme can combine with the substrate. (some are no-protein organic molecules or coenzymes)
enzyme inhibitors are substances that slow or even stop the enymes activity. E.G. penicillin inhibits an enzyme in bacteria that is involved in the constuction of the cell wall

Question 5

Molecule enzyme interact with is the …

Answer 5

substrate

Question 6

the part of the enzyme that combines with the substrate is known as the …

Answer 6

active site

Question 7

What the combination of an enzyme and substrate called?

Answer 7

enzyme-substrate complex