Enzymes Flashcards
Define ‘catalyst’
Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed by it.
Define ‘enzymes’
Biological catalysts that are proteins.
Describe and explain enzyme action
Enzymes catalyze reactions by lowering the activation energy, allowing reactions to occur faster.
Describe and explain enzyme specificity
Enzymes are specific because of their shape and only act on one type of substrate.
Describe denaturing
Changes in temperature and pH alter the active site of the enzyme, rendering it unable to act as a catalyst.
State where amylase, protease and lipase are secreted
Amylase is secreted in saliva and the pancreas, protease in the stomach and pancreas, and lipase in the pancreas.
What is the lock-and-key mechanism?
The substrate fits into the enzyme’s active site, resembling a key fitting into a lock.
What does maltose break down into?
Glucose.
What does sucrose break down into?
Glucose + Fructose.
Fill in the blank: Amylase converts starch to _______.
maltose.
Fill in the blank: Maltase converts maltose to _______.
glucose.
True or False: Enzymes can catalyze multiple different reactions.
False.
What suffix do enzymes typically have?
-ase.
What are the three main digestive enzyme groups?
- Carbohydrase
- Protease
- Lipase
What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?
It can no longer act as a catalyst.
