Enzymes

Question 1

biochemical processes

Answer 1

chemical processes that occur in all cells

Question 2

metabolism

Answer 2

sum of all biochemical reactions in an organism

Question 3

anabolic reactions

Answer 3

synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, usually requiring energy to form new chemical bonds

Question 3

catabolic reactions alternative name

Answer 3

exothermic reactions

Question 4

anabolic reactions alternative name

Answer 4

endothermic reactions

Question 4

catabolic reactions

Answer 4

breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, usually releasing energy from breaking chemical bonds

Question 5

starch

Answer 5

insoluble polysaccharide that is stored in the plant

Question 6

Louis Pasteur

Answer 6

discovered that yeast ferments sugar into alcohol

Question 6

enzyme etemology

Answer 6

Buchner used the Greek word ‘zyme’ meaning leavened to describe the active ingredient in the yeast juice

Question 6

organelles

Answer 6

the compartments of a cell

Question 6

carbon dioxide release

Answer 6

diffuses from cells and is released into the atmosphere

Question 7

Buchner

Answer 7

discovered the yeast cells themselves did not ferment the sugar and coined the term enzyme

Question 7

enzyme fact 1

Answer 7

enzymes are biological (organic) catalysts

Question 8

enzyme fact 3

Answer 8

enzymes speed up biochemical reactions

Question 8

enzyme fact 2

Answer 8

enzymes are typically proteins

Question 9

enzyme fact 4

Answer 9

enzymes lower the activation energy

Question 10

enzyme fact 5

Answer 10

enzymes do not change form

Question 11

enzyme fact 6

Answer 11

enzymes are reusable

Question 12

enzyme fact 7

Answer 12

enzymes are specific to one type of reaction / substrate

Question 13

exergonic reactions

Answer 13

reactions that release energy

Question 14

exergonic reactions alternative name

Answer 14

catatonic reactions

Question 15

endergonic reactions

Answer 15

reactions that use energy

Question 16

endergonic reactions alternative name

Answer 16

anabolic reactions

Question 17

cellular metabolism

Answer 17

sum of all chemical reactions in a living cell

Question 18

lack of enzymes effect

Answer 18

reactions are so slow they hardly proceed at all, which is incompatible with the maintenance of life

Question 19

intracellular enzymes role

Answer 19

to speed up and control metabolic reactions inside cells

Question 20

extracellular enzymes role

Answer 20

includes digestive enzymes which break down food in the small intestine

Question 21

extracellular enzymes

Answer 21

produced by cells but achieve their effects outside the cell

Question 22

biochemical pathways

Answer 22

enzyme-regulated chemical reactions that occur in cells

Question 23

endergonic reactions other alternative name

Answer 23

uphill reaction

Question 23

main metabolic pathways

Answer 23

photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Question 24

catabolic / exergonic reaction example

Answer 24

starch breaking down tosugar

Question 25

anabolic / endergonic reaction example

Answer 25

proteins being built up by amino acids

Question 26

anbolism

Answer 26

sythesis

Question 27

biochemical process / reaction

Answer 27

reactant chemical bonds break and then the atoms recombine to form a new substance / substances (the product)

Question 27

catabolism

Answer 27

breakdown

Question 28

activation energy

Answer 28

the minimum amount of initial energy required to start a chemical reaction

Question 28

energy

Answer 28

capacity to cause change, measured in joules or kilojoules

Question 29

activation energy typical input

Answer 29

thermal energy (heat energy) absorbed from surroundings