Enzymes

Question 1

What are enzymes?

Answer 1

Protein catalyst

Question 2

What is a catalyst?

Answer 2

CHEMICAL that speeds up a reaction without being used up

Question 3

What is a substrate?

Answer 3

Molecule that is changed when it fits into an enzyme

Question 4

What is active site?

Answer 4

Area of the enzyme that fits around the substrate

Question 5

What are cofactors?

Answer 5

Inorganic ions

Question 6

What are coenzymes?

Answer 6

Organic molecules (synthesized from vitamins)

Question 7

Naming an enzyme

Answer 7

Ends with ase usually

Question 8

What does enzyme naming do?

Answer 8

Identifies a reacting substance

Question 9

Digestive enzymes end in ____.

Answer 9

-in

Question 10

What are R groups?

Answer 10

Amino acid in active site that helps substrate bond

Question 11

What is the product?

Answer 11

Formed from substrate reaction

Question 12

Temp increase, then reaction rate _____.

Answer 12

Increases

Question 13

Optimum temp in humans?

Answer 13

37 degrees

Question 14

What is substrate concentration purpose?

Answer 14

It increases rate of reaction

Question 15

What is max activity with substrate concentration?

Answer 15

all enzyme combines with subtstrate

Question 16

Reaction rate?

Answer 16

Levels off at point X because there is no limit to the amount of enzyme available

Question 17

What is max activity?

Answer 17

At an Optimum variable (temp, pH, etc.)

Question 18

What happens when h and sulfur bonds between amino acids?

Answer 18

Protein folds

Question 19

Can shape of protein be altered by pH?

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

What happens when folds change?

Answer 20

Active site transformed (altering reaction)

Question 21

Competitive inhibition

Answer 21

Mimics substrate by competing for active site (substrate can’t bind anymore)

Question 22

Non competitive inhibitor

Answer 22

Binds to enzyme from away from the active site

Question 23

Allosteric inhibitor

Answer 23

Doesn’t have structure like substrate and no reaction occurs but still changes shape of active site

Question 24

Feedback inhibition

Answer 24

Final product of a row of enzyme + substrate reactions.