ENZYMES Flashcards
● molecules that help in speeding up the chemical reactions that occur in cells.
○ This function of enzymes is known as catalysis.
● Enzymes are essential to the body’s normal functions.
○ Many of these end with the suffix -ase.
ENZYMES
Example of Enzymes
Amylase
Trypsin
Helicase
Lactase
Cellulase
Isomerase
Protease
Catalase
an enzyme found in saliva that helps digest starch
Amylase
an enzyme found in the small intestine that helps break down proteins
Trypsin
an enzyme that helps in unwinding DNA in the
process of replication.
Helicase
an enzyme that helps in breaking down the sugar
lactose
Lactase
baking (converts starch into sugar), making fruit
juice and chocolates
Amylase
Soften vegetables, remove seed coat from cereal
grain, extracts agar from seaweed and make
paper.
Cellulase
Converts glucose to fructose (for making sweets,
syrups, & slimming food)
Isomerase
Tenderizes meat, skin fish, breaks down proteins
in baby food.
Protease
Release oxygen from hydrogen peroxide in
making foam rubber from latex.
Catalase
● a molecule that the reactions of which are catalyzed by enzymes.
○ Each enzyme is specific to a substrate.
Substrates
Enzyme-substrate models
● Lock-and-key
● Induced Fit
the specific shape between the active site and the substrate allows only that type of binding to occur between these two molecules.
Lock-and-key
interaction is initially weak but the bond strengthens as the active site is
modified.
Induced Fit
