Enzymes

Question 1

What is the Lock and Key model?

Answer 1

The model that states the active site is exactly complementary to the substrate

Question 2

What is the Induced-fit model?

Answer 2

The shape of the active site is not complementary to the substrate so it has to change its shape to make the substrate fit and bind

Question 3

What are the factors affecting Enzyme Action?

Answer 3

Enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, temperature and pH

Question 4

How does Enzyme concentration impact Enzyme action?

Answer 4

Increasing enzyme concentration increases the number of active sites which means the rate of reaction increases until the amount of substrate becomes the limiting factor

Question 5

How does Substrate concentration impact Enzyme action?

Answer 5

Increasing the substrate concentration increases the rate of reaction as there will be more substrates. The rate of reaction will slow as the enzyme concentration will be the limiting factor.

Question 6

How does temperature impact Enzyme action?

Answer 6

As temperature increases, the kinetic energy will increase so molecules will move faster. The reaction will slow down as the enzymes reaches its optimum temperature.

Question 7

What happens to the enzyme at high temperature?

Answer 7

The enzyme molecules vibrate too much and bonds are broken which maintain the tertiary structure. The active site changes shape so the substrate can’t fit into it anymore. The enzyme is permanently denatured.

Question 8

How does pH impact Enzyme action?

Answer 8

Enzymes have an optimum pH which is normally at 7. Above and below the optimum pH for each enzyme, the H+ ions and OH- ions disrupt the ionic and hydrogen bonds holding the enzyme’s tertiary structure in place. The active site changes shape so the substrate no longer fits. The enzyme is permanently denatured.

Question 9

What is the Competitive Inhibition?

Answer 9

Has a similar shape to the substrate so its competes with the substrate to bind with the active site. They block the active site so the substrate can’t bind.

Question 10

What is the Non-Competitive Inhibtion?

Answer 10

Don’t have same shape as the substrate. Bind to the allosteric site which changes the shape of the active site so the substrate cant bind