Enzymes

Question 1

Catalysts

Answer 1

Chemical that increases the rate of a reaction but remains unchanged at the end of the reaction

Question 2

Substrate

Answer 2

Molecule upon which an enzyme acts

Question 3

Active site

Answer 3

Area on the surface of an enzyme where the substrate attaches and products are formed

Question 4

Lock and key model

Answer 4

Model of enzyme action where the substrate is the „key”, fitting into the „lock”, which is the active site of the enzyme

Question 5

Denaturing

Answer 5

Process where the structure of a protein is damaged by high temperatures (becomes denatured). If the protein is an enzyme, it will no longer catalyse its reaction

Question 6

Metabolism

Answer 6

Chemical reactions taking place inside cells

Question 7

Secretion

Answer 7

Release of a fluid or substances from a cell or tissue

Question 8

Extracellular enzyme

Answer 8

In the intestine enzymes are secreted onto the food to break it down.

They function „outside cells”.

Question 9

Intercellular

Answer 9

Most enzymes stay inside cells and carry out their function there

Question 10

Limiting factors for enzymes

Answer 10

High temperature / PH

Question 11

Temperature

Answer 11

As temperature increases, rate of reaction goes up to optimum (more kinetic energy), from 40C upwards proteins denature, active site changes, no more reactions catalysed.

Question 12

PH

Answer 12

Outside of optimum, enzyme activity decreases
- The enzyme changes shape
- The active changes shape
- Enzyme can’t catalyze reactions

Question 13

Enzyme

Answer 13

Protein that acts as a biological catalyst