Cell Transport (take-home-test) Flashcards
What are the main ways that molecules and ions can move through the membrane?
Diffusion, active transport, osmosis
Describe cell respiration
Shows the need of cells to take in certain substances from their surroundings (such as glucose, oxygen) and get rid of others
(such as carbon dioxide, water).
What is selectively permeable?
The cell (surface) membrane can control which chemicals can pass in and out
What is a diffusion?
Diffusion happens because of kinetic energy of the particles.
It’s the net movement of particles (molecules, ions) from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration, i.e. down a concentration gradient.
Example: - Carbon dioxide goes from in to out and with the time other way
- Oxygen goes from out to in and with the time other way.
What is active transport?
The movement of substances against a concentration gradient (when there’s very little of that substance outside), using energy from respiration.
Example: human small intestine - some glucose absorbed into cells lining the ine stone by active transport
What is osmosis?
The net movement of water from dilute solution to a more concentrated solution across the partially permeable cell membrane.
Osmosis is important for moving water from cell to cell, e.g. in plant roots
Simple Diffusion
- with concentration gradient
- No ATP energy (kinetic energy)
- passive transport
- no Protein used
- carbon dioxide, oxygen
Osmosis
- with concentration gradient
- No, ATP energy, (but kinetic energy)
- passive transport
- Channel Protein
- water
Facilitated diffusion
- with concentration gradient
- No, energy ATP
- passive transport
- Protein transport
- glucose, mineral ions
(Simple) Active transport
- against concentration gradient
- Yes, energy APT
- active transport
- pumps, protein transport
- glucose, ions (na, k, mg, ca, fe*)
Endocytosis/Exocytosis
Phagocytosis (to eat)
Pinocytosis (to drink)
- against concentration gradient
- Yes, APT energy
- active transport
- no protein
