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Enzymes Flashcards

1
Q

Phosphofructokinase-1

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

Vitamins

Drugs that affect it

A

Phosphofructokinase-1

  • Substrates
    • fructose-6-phosphate
    • ATP
  • Products
    • fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
  • Regulation
    • 4 subunits - coorperative binding kinetics
      • AMP ; fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (liver)
      • ATP ; citrate
  • Diseases Associated
    • Tauri Disease - glycogen storage disease
  • Location
    • cytoplasm of every cell
  • Pathway
    • Glycolysis
    • Rate-limiting & first committed step
  • Vitamins
    • n/a
  • Drugs that affect it
    • n/a
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2
Q

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

Vitamins

Drugs that affect it

A

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1

  • Substrates
    • Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
  • Products
    • Fructose-6-phosphate
  • Regulation
      • AMP ; fructose-2,6-bisphosphate
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
    • cytosol in the liver
  • Pathway
    • Rate limiting & first committed step gluconeogenesis
  • Vitamins
  • Drugs that affect it
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3
Q

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A
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4
Q

Methionine Synthase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Methionine Synthase

  • Substrates
    • homocysteine
    • methyl B12
  • Products
    • methionine
  • Regulation
      • Diseases Associated
    • methionine synthase deficiency
    • treatment: increased methionine in diet
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis & regeneration cycle
    • maintain low levels of homocysteine
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5
Q

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
    • isocitrate
  • Products
    • alpha-ketogluterate
    • CO2 + NADH
  • Regulation
      • ADP
      • ATP, NADH
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
    • mitochondrial matrix
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting step TCA cycle
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6
Q

Difference between hormone sensitive lipase & lipoprotein lipase?

A

breaking down fats to dump them into the blood - hormonse sensitive lipase (intracellular - liver)

when breaking down fats to move from blood into the cell - lipoprotein lipase (extracellular)

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7
Q

Glycogen Synthase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glycogen Synthase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • glucose-6-phosphate, insulin, cortisol
      • epinephrine, glucagon
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-determining step glycogen glycogenesis
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8
Q

Glycogen Phosphyorlyase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glycogen Phosphorylase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • epinephrine, glucagon, AMP
      • Glucose-6-phosphate, insulin, ATP
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate determining enzyme glycogenolysis
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9
Q

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • NADP
      • NADPH
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-determining enzyme HMP shunt
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10
Q

Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthase II

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthetase II

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • ATP, PRPP
      • UTP
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-determining enzyme of pyrimidine synthesis
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11
Q

Glutamine-Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glutamine-Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • AMP, inosine monophosphate (IMP), GMP
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting step de novo purine synthesis
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12
Q

Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthetase I

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthetase I

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • N-acetylglutamate
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting step urea cycle
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13
Q

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • insulin, citrate
      • glucagon, palmitoyl-CoA
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-determining enzyme fatty acid synthesis
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14
Q

Carnitine Acyltransferase I

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Carnitine Acyltranserase I

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • malonyl-CoA
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
      • Pathway
    • rate-limiting enzyme fatty acid oxidation
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15
Q

HMG-CoA synthase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

HMG-CoA synthase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
    • n/a
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting enzyme ketogenesis
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16
Q

HMG-CoA reductase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

HMG-CoA reductase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • Insulin, thyroxine, estrogen
      • glucagon, cholesterol
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting enzyme cholesterol. metabolism
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17
Q

Adenyl Cyclase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Adenyl Cyclase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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18
Q

Protein Kinase C

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Protein Kinase C

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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19
Q

Phospholipase C

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Phospholipase C

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

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20
Q

Guanylate Cyclase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Guanylate Cyclase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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21
Q

1-alpha-hydroxylase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

1-alpha-hydroxylase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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22
Q

Gamma Glutamyl Carboxylase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Gamma Glutamyl Carboxylase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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23
Q

Hexokinase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Hexokinase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
24
Q

Glucokinase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glucokinase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
25
**Phosphofructokinase-2** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Phosphofructokinase-2** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
26
**Pyruvate Kinase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Pyruvate Kinase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
27
**Pyruvate Dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Pyruvate Dehydrogenase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
28
**Lactate Dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Lactate Dehydrogenase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
29
**Galactokinase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Galactokinase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
30
**Galactose 1-P Uridyl Transferase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Galactose 1-P Uridyl Transferase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
31
**Aldolase B** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Aldolase B** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
32
**Citrate Synthase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Citrate Synthase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
33
**Succinyl CoA synthetase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Succinyl CoA synthetase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
34
**Alpha-ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
35
**Succinate Dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Succinate Dehydrogenase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
36
**NADH dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**NADH Dehydrogenase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
37
**Complex II Succinate Dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Complex II Succinate Dehydrogenase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
38
**Complex III** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Complex III** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
39
**Cytochrome Oxidase (complex IV)** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Cytochrome Oxidase (complex IV)** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
40
**ATP Synthase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**ATP Synthase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
41
**PEP carboxykinase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**PEP Carboxykinase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
42
**Pyruvate Carboxylase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Pyruvate Carboxylase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
43
**Alcohol Dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Alcohol Dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
44
**Acetylaldehyde Dehydrogenase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Acetylaldehyde Dehydrogenase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
45
**Transketolase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Transketolase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
46
**NADPH oxidase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**NADPH oxidase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
47
**Glutathione Reductase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Glutathione Reductase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
48
**Glutathione peroxidase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Glutathione peroxidase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
49
**Glycerol 3-P dehydrogenase** Substrate Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Glycerol 3-P dehydrogenase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
50
**Glycerol Kinase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Glycerol Kinase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
51
**Lipoprotein Lipase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Lipoprotein Lipase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
52
**Hormone Sensitive Lipase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Hormone Sensitive Lipase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
53
**Malic Enzyme** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Malic Enzyme** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
54
**Fatty Acyl CoA synthetase** Substrates Products Regulation Diseases Associated Location Pathway
**Fatty Acyl CoA synthetase** * Substrates * Products * Regulation * Diseases Associated * Location * Pathway
55

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