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BOARD PREP > Enzymes > Flashcards

Enzymes Flashcards

1
Q

Phosphofructokinase-1

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

Vitamins

Drugs that affect it

A

Phosphofructokinase-1

  • Substrates
    • fructose-6-phosphate
    • ATP
  • Products
    • fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
  • Regulation
    • 4 subunits - coorperative binding kinetics
      • AMP ; fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (liver)
      • ATP ; citrate
  • Diseases Associated
    • Tauri Disease - glycogen storage disease
  • Location
    • cytoplasm of every cell
  • Pathway
    • Glycolysis
    • Rate-limiting & first committed step
  • Vitamins
    • n/a
  • Drugs that affect it
    • n/a
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2
Q

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

Vitamins

Drugs that affect it

A

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1

  • Substrates
    • Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
  • Products
    • Fructose-6-phosphate
  • Regulation
      • AMP ; fructose-2,6-bisphosphate
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
    • cytosol in the liver
  • Pathway
    • Rate limiting & first committed step gluconeogenesis
  • Vitamins
  • Drugs that affect it
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3
Q

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A
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4
Q

Methionine Synthase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Methionine Synthase

  • Substrates
    • homocysteine
    • methyl B12
  • Products
    • methionine
  • Regulation
      • Diseases Associated
    • methionine synthase deficiency
    • treatment: increased methionine in diet
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis & regeneration cycle
    • maintain low levels of homocysteine
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5
Q

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
    • isocitrate
  • Products
    • alpha-ketogluterate
    • CO2 + NADH
  • Regulation
      • ADP
      • ATP, NADH
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
    • mitochondrial matrix
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting step TCA cycle
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6
Q

Difference between hormone sensitive lipase & lipoprotein lipase?

A

breaking down fats to dump them into the blood - hormonse sensitive lipase (intracellular - liver)

when breaking down fats to move from blood into the cell - lipoprotein lipase (extracellular)

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7
Q

Glycogen Synthase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glycogen Synthase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • glucose-6-phosphate, insulin, cortisol
      • epinephrine, glucagon
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-determining step glycogen glycogenesis
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8
Q

Glycogen Phosphyorlyase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glycogen Phosphorylase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • epinephrine, glucagon, AMP
      • Glucose-6-phosphate, insulin, ATP
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate determining enzyme glycogenolysis
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9
Q

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • NADP
      • NADPH
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-determining enzyme HMP shunt
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10
Q

Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthase II

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthetase II

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • ATP, PRPP
      • UTP
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-determining enzyme of pyrimidine synthesis
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11
Q

Glutamine-Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glutamine-Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • AMP, inosine monophosphate (IMP), GMP
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting step de novo purine synthesis
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12
Q

Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthetase I

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Carbomoyl Phosphate Synthetase I

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • N-acetylglutamate
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting step urea cycle
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13
Q

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • insulin, citrate
      • glucagon, palmitoyl-CoA
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-determining enzyme fatty acid synthesis
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14
Q

Carnitine Acyltransferase I

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Carnitine Acyltranserase I

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • malonyl-CoA
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
      • Pathway
    • rate-limiting enzyme fatty acid oxidation
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15
Q

HMG-CoA synthase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

HMG-CoA synthase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
    • n/a
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting enzyme ketogenesis
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16
Q

HMG-CoA reductase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

HMG-CoA reductase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
      • Insulin, thyroxine, estrogen
      • glucagon, cholesterol
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
    • rate-limiting enzyme cholesterol. metabolism
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17
Q

Adenyl Cyclase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Adenyl Cyclase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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18
Q

Protein Kinase C

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Protein Kinase C

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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19
Q

Phospholipase C

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Phospholipase C

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

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20
Q

Guanylate Cyclase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Guanylate Cyclase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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21
Q

1-alpha-hydroxylase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

1-alpha-hydroxylase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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22
Q

Gamma Glutamyl Carboxylase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Gamma Glutamyl Carboxylase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
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23
Q

Hexokinase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Hexokinase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
24
Q

Glucokinase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glucokinase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
25
Q

Phosphofructokinase-2

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Phosphofructokinase-2

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
26
Q

Pyruvate Kinase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Pyruvate Kinase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
27
Q

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
28
Q

Lactate Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Lactate Dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
29
Q

Galactokinase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Galactokinase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
30
Q

Galactose 1-P Uridyl Transferase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Galactose 1-P Uridyl Transferase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
31
Q

Aldolase B

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Aldolase B

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
32
Q

Citrate Synthase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Citrate Synthase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
33
Q

Succinyl CoA synthetase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Succinyl CoA synthetase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
34
Q

Alpha-ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
35
Q

Succinate Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Succinate Dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
36
Q

NADH dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

NADH Dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
37
Q

Complex II Succinate Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Complex II Succinate Dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
38
Q

Complex III

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Complex III

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
39
Q

Cytochrome Oxidase (complex IV)

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Cytochrome Oxidase (complex IV)

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
40
Q

ATP Synthase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

ATP Synthase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
41
Q

PEP carboxykinase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

PEP Carboxykinase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
42
Q

Pyruvate Carboxylase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Pyruvate Carboxylase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
43
Q

Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

44
Q

Acetylaldehyde Dehydrogenase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Acetylaldehyde Dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
45
Q

Transketolase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Transketolase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

46
Q

NADPH oxidase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

NADPH oxidase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
47
Q

Glutathione Reductase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glutathione Reductase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

48
Q

Glutathione peroxidase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glutathione peroxidase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
49
Q

Glycerol 3-P dehydrogenase

Substrate

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glycerol 3-P dehydrogenase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
50
Q

Glycerol Kinase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Glycerol Kinase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
51
Q

Lipoprotein Lipase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Lipoprotein Lipase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
52
Q

Hormone Sensitive Lipase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Hormone Sensitive Lipase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
53
Q

Malic Enzyme

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Malic Enzyme

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
54
Q

Fatty Acyl CoA synthetase

Substrates

Products

Regulation

Diseases Associated

Location

Pathway

A

Fatty Acyl CoA synthetase

  • Substrates
  • Products
  • Regulation
  • Diseases Associated
  • Location
  • Pathway
55
Q
A

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