Enzymes Flashcards
What is an enzyme
biological catalyst that speeds up reactions, it can be used many times
Lock and key method
The enzyme has an active site that (like a lock) and the substrate fits in like a key onto the active sites and it breaks down the substrate
However it can be the other way round (putting them back together)
Factors that affect enzymes
Temperature
Ph levels
Temperature
The higher the temperature the faster it is but once it reaches optimum temperature (the perfect temperature) it denatures causing the enzyme to change shape different enzymes have different optimum temperatures
Ph
The higher the ph the faster it is however it has an optimum PH and it doesn’t denature only slows down
Benedict’s test
What colour it changes
Method
Sugars/glucose Stays blue(no sugar) turns orange (sugar) Green yellow orange to brick red Brick red being the most sugar Green being very little Traffic light
You need to put the solution mixture in shots water bath
Biuret test
Protein
Stays blue (no protein)
Pink/purple (protein)
Mix Biurets solution in a substance
Gently shake
Iodine
Starch Stays orange (no starch) Turns blueyblack (starch)
Mix iodine and your substance shake gently
Ethanol test
Lipids
White (no lipids)
Cloudy white (lipids)
Remember to say cloudy white not cloudy
Add water
Method of food test
Crush the food substances your testing in a mortal and pestle add water and mix to dissolve filter the remaining big chunks and add a few drops of your food test in it
What elements are in starch
Carbon hydrogen and oxygen
What elements are in glucose
Carbon hydrogen oxygen
What elements are in proteins
Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and sulphur
What is elements
Carbon hydrogen oxygen phosphorus nitrogen and sulphur
