Digestive System Flashcards
What is the digestive system
The digestive system breaks down food eg: carbs protein and fats into smaller molecules
The process of the digestive system
Mouth Gullet/oesophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Anus
Mouth function
It physically breaks down the food using teeth and the salivary glands excrete saliva amylase that helps break down carbohydrates
Gullet/oesophagus
A pipe which leads from the mouth to the stomach
Stomach function
A muscular stack and contains hydrochloric acid to break down the food and kills bacteria, it also contracts its muscular walls to move the food around
Small intestine function
When the digested food is absorbed into the blood stream, it also helps digest the food more by using enzymes,
How is the small intestine adapted to its function
On the walls of the small intestine there is finger like projections called villi which increases the surface area it is one cell thick which means they can diffuse faster and also they have a good blood supply
Pancreas function
It makes lots of types of digestive enzymes which help digest the food even more
Gallbladder
Stores bile and releases into the small intestine when needed
Liver
Makes bile. Bile helps emulsifying fats, neutralise acid from the stomach
Large intestine
Once the small intestine absorbs the nutrients its gonna be watery so the large intestine absorbs the excess water
Rectum
Where it stores the faeces
The main groups of food we digest
Carbohydrates proteins fats
Carbohydrates examples, what’s it used for
Pasta, potatoes rice
It’s the main source of energy
Proteins examples, and what’s it used for
Nuts,meats beans
Help build and repair
