Enzyme Nomenclature and Co-enzyme Chemistry Flashcards
what are the 6 classes of enzymes?
oxidoredictases, lyases, hydrolases, ligases, transferases, isomerases
what are the 4 classes of proteases?
metallo-, cysteine, aspartic, serine
what inactivates serine proteases?
serpins
how do serpins work?
bind to serine proteases as a “substrate” and cause an irreversible conformational change which inhibits the enzyme
how are proteases activated?
proteolytic cleavage
what are the 3 stages of a protease?
prepro-enzyme, pro-enzyme, mature protease
what are the two functions of a metal ion?
structural: helps protein stay folded
catalytic: participates in chemistry at the active site of the protein
what do oxidoreductases do?
catalyze redox reactions
what are common oxidoreductase names?
dehydrogenase, peroxidase, reductase, oxidase, hydroxylase, cytp450, oxygenase
what do transferases do?
move a group from one compound to another
what do hydrolases do?
break C-O,N,S bonds by cleaving water
what are common hydrolases?
protease, peptidase, esterase, phosphatase, urease
what do lyases do?
cleave C-C,O,N,S bonds by means other than hydrolysis
what are the reverse lyases called?
synthases
what are common lyase names?
decarboxylase, aldolase
