Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCM Test 1 > B2.002 Big Case MI > Flashcards

B2.002 Big Case MI Flashcards

1
Q

What is the principle of Bayesian logic?

A

The likelihood of a diagnosis depends on the prior probability.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Characterize the chest pain relating to angina pectoris/ myocardial infarction

A

central chest
radiating to left arm/ neck
sever pressure or heaviness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List 3 differences between angina and MI.

A

Angina: precipitated by stress, duration in minutes, relieved by rest
MI: acute onset, unremitting, associated with nausea/vomiting/diaphoresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List groups in order of lowest incidence of MI to highest: white men, black men, white women, black women

A

white women< black women = white men< black men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the primary reason for the decrease in CVD over the last 20 years?

A

Societal changes and resulting increases in prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When does the heart receive most of its blood supply?

A

Diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does the left ventricular myocardium receive blood?

A

Coronary arteries during diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does the right ventricular/atrial myocardium receive blood?

A

From the chamber (reptilian)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which part of heart is most susceptible to MI due to occlusion?

A

Left ventricular myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List the heart conduction pathway.

A

SA node > atrial muscle > AV node > bundle of His > left/right bundle branches > Purkinje fibers > ventricular muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

P wave

A

atrial depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

QRS complex

A

ventricular depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ST segment

A

corresponds to phase 2 of ventricular action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T wave

A

ventricular repolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the calcium dependent action potentials/ pacemakers?

A

SA node, AV node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does it mean to be a pacemaker?

A

No resting membrane potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the sodium dependent action potentials/ nonpacemakers?

A

atrial myocytes, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers, ventricular myocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which part of an ECG is associated with MI?

A

ST elevation

19
Q

Draw the ventricular action potential and label phases 0-4.

A

4 flat, 0 sharp rise, 1 sharp downtick, 2 slight linear decrease, 3 quick decrease curve

20
Q

Describe the phases of the ventricular action potential.

A

Phase 4: stable resting potential
Phase 0: depolarization due to Na current
Phase 1: transient repolarization due to K current
Phase 2: plateau due to balance between Ca and K ions
Phase 3: repolarization phase due to K current

21
Q

Describe phases of SA node action potential.

A

Phase 4: pacemaker potential where funny sodium current > K current
Phase 0: upstroke of action potential due to Ca current
Phase 3: repolarizing phase where K current > depolarizing currents

22
Q

What is the MDP?

A

maximum diastolic potential, most negative potential in the SA node, 50 mV

23
Q

How does the slope of phase 4 in the AV node compare to the SA node?

A

less steep in AV node

24
Q

How does the action potential in the AV node relate to the SA node?

A

similar shape, same ionic currents, lower intrinsic firing rate

25
Q

How does the atrial action potential compare to the ventricular action potential?

A

similar shape, same ionic currents

26
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

Insufficient O2 levels

27
Q

Which step of the action potential is ATP dependent?

A

L-type calcium channel phosphorylation

28
Q

Which action potential is reduced due to impaired calcium current?

A

Ventricular

29
Q

How does hypoxia affect ventricular action potential?

A

insufficient O2 > decreased ATP > impairment of Ca current > decreased duration of action potential

30
Q

How does hypoxia change the action potential graph?

A

Shorter phase 2/3, appears skinnier

31
Q

What is ischemia?

A

Insufficient blood flow

32
Q

Ischemia contributes to hypoxia. How else does it affect the action potential?

A

decreased blood flow > extracellular K accumulation > depolarization of resting membrane potential> resting potential more positive than normal

33
Q

How do hypoxia/ischemia affect ATP production?

A

decrease

34
Q

How do hypoxia/ischemia affect the inner Na conc?

A

increase

35
Q

How do hypoxia/ischemia affect the inner K conc?

A

decrease

36
Q

How do hypoxia/ischemia affect the K-ATP current?

A

increase

37
Q

How do hypoxia/ischemia affect Ca-L current?

A

decrease

38
Q

How do hypoxia/ischemia affect outer K conc?

A

hypoxia doesn’t

ischemia increases it

39
Q

How do you detect MI vs. angina?

A

Presence of biomarkers due to necrosis in MI.

40
Q

What are three results of plaque rupture?

A

healing, embolism, thrombosis

41
Q

What are the major coronary arteries?

A

R. Coronary artery and L. Coronary artery

42
Q

What are the branches of the L. Coronary artery?

A

Circumflex and anterior interventricular (anterior descending)

43
Q

What are the branches of the R. Coronary artery?

A

anterior r. atrial branch, posterior interventricular (posterior descending)

MCM Test 1 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions