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environmental science Flashcards

1
Q

intergenerational equity

A

it is the principle of fairness and justice in relation to the distribution of resources, opportunities, and burdens across different generations

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2
Q

intragenerational equity

A

it relates to the notions of fairness and justice across the communities and states within the present generation

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3
Q

toxicity

A

To extent to which something that is poisonous or harmful

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4
Q

lethal dose

A

this is an indication of the lethal toxicity of a given substance or a type of radiation

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5
Q

lethal dose of water

A

6 litres

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6
Q

Coffee lethal dose

A

118 cups

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7
Q

Alcohol lethal dose

A

13 shots (standard shots)

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8
Q

least toxic chemical

A

Vitamin C (11,900mg)

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9
Q

most toxic chemical

A

Sodium Cyanide(6.4mg)

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10
Q

qualitative data

A

talking about the quality of the object

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11
Q

quantitative data

A

can be counted

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12
Q

LD

A

lethal dose

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13
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

The increase in concentration of harmful toxins within an organism

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14
Q

biomagnification

A

increase in concentration of harmful substances in the environment as they pass through successive trophic levels

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15
Q

biomagnification (known in trophic levels)

A

The lower trophic level it is there will be less toxins in them, in other words saying is that the organism in the bottom of the food chain normally contains the least toxins

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16
Q

DDT (pesticides)

A

DDT is a chemical that is tasteless, colorless, and odorless chemical

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17
Q

hydrosphere

A

the hydrosphere is the combined mass of water found on, under and above the surface of a planet ( for earth it is the place where water is present )

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18
Q

lithosphere

A

it is the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting the crust and upper mantle

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19
Q

geosphere

A

the geosphere its earth iteself

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20
Q

aquaculture

A

it is aquafarming, and is the controlled cultivation of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans.

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21
Q

the four sustainability principles

A

ecological integrity, social equity, economic efficiency, and intergenerational equity

22
Q

Sustainability

A

the ability to maintain or support a process continuously over time

23
Q

respiration process

A

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in order to make energy

24
Q

food chain

A

one living organism eats another organism, and later that organism is consumed by another larger organism

25
Q

nocturnal

A

animals that are awake at night

26
Q

diurnal

A

animals that are living under the sun, during day time

27
Q

crepuscular

A

animals that are active during dawn and dusk

28
Q

contaminant

A

Any substance or material that makes something impure or unsuitable by introducing harmful or unwanted elements. Contaminants can affect air, water, soil, or food

29
Q

toxin

A

Naturally occurring poisonous substances from living organisms

30
Q

contamination

A

The presence of harmful or unwanted substances in the environment

31
Q

source of contamination

A

The origin or starting point from which pollutants or harmful substances are released into the environment. These sources introduce contaminants into air, water, soil, and ecosystems, impacting health and the environment.

32
Q

point source

A

pollution that originates from a single location, making it easy to trace back to it’s source
some examples can be: factory discharge pipe, oil spill, and smoke stack

33
Q

diffuse source

A

Pollution that comes from multiple, dispersed sources over a large area, making it harder to pinpoint any single origin

some examples can be: road emissions, urban stormwater

34
Q

mobile source

A

Pollution from moving sources, often related to vehicles that release emissions as they operate

some examples can be: trucks, cars, planes

35
Q

difference of pollution and contamination

A

Pollution is the widespread release of harmful substances into the environment, while contamination is the presence of harmful substances in specific areas or materials

36
Q

chemical contamination

A

Involves harmful chemicals entering food or products, which can lead to toxicity or poisoning

37
Q

Physical contamination

A

Occurs when foreign objects enter food or products, potentially causing harm or choking hazards

38
Q

pollutant

A

A substance that harms the environment by existing at high, harmful concentrations

39
Q

apex predator

A

it is the animal that sits at the top of a food chain, where there are no predators to it. For example, lions and great white sharks.

40
Q

predator

A

an animal that eats other animals

41
Q

food chain

A

A linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next, showing the flow of energy and nutrients

42
Q

producer

A

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain

43
Q

primary consumer

A

consumers that primarily consume the producers

44
Q

secondary consumer

A

consumers that consume the primary consumers

45
Q

tertiary consumer

A

basically apex predators

46
Q

decomposer

A

organisms that breakdown dead or decaying organic matter, the play a crucial role in the nutrient cycling within the ecosystem.

47
Q

autotroph

A

Organisms that produce their own food, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain (some examples can be plants)

48
Q

heterotroph

A

Organisms that cannot make their own food and must consume other organisms for energy (most animals, fungi and bacteria)

49
Q

stakeholder

A

an individual, group or organization involved in the decision making related to environmental project or issue

50
Q

stakeholders value

A

the set of principles, standards or the qualities a stakeholder holds

51
Q

endocrine (canton meaning)

A

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