environmental/nutritional

Question 1

tests for lead (2)

Answer 1

urinary d-ALA

zinc protoporphyrin

Question 2

lead toxicity (5)

Answer 2

GI- abdominal pain
CNS- drowsy, irritable, neuropathy
Heme- anemia
bones- lead line 
kidney- fanconi

Question 3

classic blood finding in lead poisoning

Answer 3

basophilic stippling of RBCs

Question 4

fanconi syndrome

Answer 4

causes by heavy metal exposure, impaired reabsorption of amino acids, phosphate, glucose in PCT

Question 5

chronic arsenic exposure

Answer 5

BCC and SCC, multiple and includes palms/soles

Question 6

cadmium exposure

Answer 6

osteomalacia, osteoporosis (itai-itai)

Question 7

classic, reversible lesion of the liver related to etOH

Answer 7

steatosis

no elevation of AST or ALT

Question 8

mallory bodies

Answer 8

eosinophilic bodies in hepatocytes, composed of precytokeratin filaments, associated with alcoholic hepatitis

Question 9

myocardial changes related to cocaine use

Answer 9

contraction band necrosis

Question 10

effects of ionizing radiation

Answer 10

200-700 rad: pancytopenia
1000 rad: destroy GI mucosa
1000s rad: CNS syndrome, death

Question 11

marasmus

Answer 11

true starvation, no subcutaneous fat

Question 12

kwashiorkor

Answer 12

lack of calories from protein- fatty liver, edema

Question 13

roles of vit A (3)

Answer 13

vision
immunity
normal epithelium

Question 14

earliest symptom of vit A def

Answer 14

night blindness

Question 15

vitamin A toxicity (3)

Answer 15

hyperostosis of the ulna
increased ICP
hair loss

Question 16

roles of vit E (3)

Answer 16

antioxidant
immune function
anticoagulant

Question 17

vitamin E deficiency can mimic-

Answer 17

friederichs ataxia

Question 18

pellagra

Answer 18

niacin def = diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death

Question 19

zinc deficiency (6)

Answer 19

impaired wound healing
menstrual irregularities 
chelitis 
anorexia 
leukonychia
impaired memory