Environmental and Occupational Influences on Health Flashcards
Define a hazard.
Something with the potential to cause harm.
Define risk.
The likelihood of harm occurring.
Combines the probability that a particular outcome will occur and the severity of the harm involved.
Define a risk factor.
Increases the risk of harm.
Define a protective factor.
Decreases the risk of harm.
Define susceptibility.
Influences the likelihood that something will cause harm.
List the subcategories of hazards.
- physical
- chemical
- mechanical
- biological
- psychosocial
List the possible routes of exposure to hazards.
- skin
- blood
- sexual
- inhalation
- ingestion
What three factors influence the degree of risk?
- how much a person is exposed
- how the person is exposed
- conditions of exposure
Name the three principles that govern the perception of risk.
- Feeling in control
- Size of the possible harm
- Familiarity with the risk
List individual variables in risk perception.
- previous experience
- attitudes towards risk
- values
- beliefs
- social economic factors
- personality
- demographic factors
Name three direct pathological effects in the environment.
- physical (radiation, noise)
- chemical (pesticides)
- biological (infectious agents, allergic substances)
Name four indirect pathological effects in the environment.
- housing (overcrowding)
- transport (encouraging walking or car use)
- town planning (access to amenities, social networks)
- income/welfare/wealth distribution
Give examples of hazardous exposure.
- diet
- inhalation
- dermal
Which issues can effect global health and sustainability?
- inequalities within and between countries
- local problems may be generated or have consequences globally
- effective use of limited resources
- technology
- politics/human rights
