environment and population

Question 1

what is population determined by in ecology

Answer 1

birth rates and death rates

Question 2

birth rates are controlled by biotic potential, give 2 examples

Answer 2

fish - lots of young. low survival rates
bears - not many young, high survival ship rates

Question 3

what are the number of deaths controlled by

Answer 3

environmental resistance

Question 4

what are density independent factors

Answer 4

not influenced by population size/density eg. natural hazards

Question 5

what are density dependent factors

Answer 5

disease + food supply

Question 6

state 5 things that have helped control death rates since 1800

Answer 6

development in technology
improved food supplies
improvements in medical science & healthcare
sanitation

Question 7

three population theories

Answer 7

optimum population
overpopulation
underpopulation

Question 8

what is optimum population

Answer 8

balance in population size relative to the area with the right amount of resources to give high living standards and maximise income per capita

Question 9

what is overpopulation

Answer 9

too high population in an area, not enough resources
:( = lower living standards
:( = outward migration
E.G. MALI

Question 10

what is underpopulation

Answer 10

too few population to use resources effectively
:( = low employment
:) = inward migration
:) = good living conditions
E.G CANADA, NORWAY

Question 11

define carrying capacity

Answer 11

the maximum population size that an area can sustain indefinitely

Question 12

define ecological footprint

Answer 12

a measure in global hectares (gha) of the land/water areas needed to produce the resources that humans demand and to assimilte the waste generated from it