Environment 2017 Flashcards

1
Q

India’s 1st vertical garden is at?

A

Bengaluru

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2
Q

Banana research centre is at?

A

Recently at Vaishali.. Earlier at Tiruchirapalli (TN)

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3
Q

Which state’s banana productivity is lower than national average?

A

Bihar

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4
Q

Which state is largest producer of Banana

A

Maharashtra followed by TN

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5
Q

Liveability Index will be launched by?

A

Ministry of Urban Development

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6
Q

Dtandards for Liveability Index?

A

Physical (energy, waste water, housing etc)
Institutional/Governance
Social (health, education, culture etc)
Economic

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7
Q

Goldman Environment Prize?

A

Also known as Green Nobel Prize
Given to Prafulla Samantra for his 12 year battle for the land rights of indigenous Dongria Kondh and protection of Niyamigiri Hills through his NGO Lok Shakti Abhiyan

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8
Q

How is mesopelagic area mapped?

A

Until now by Sonar..
New robots- Deep See, Mesobot, and Snowclops

Algaes do not live in this area.. It is home to largest number of vertebrates

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9
Q

WHo makes Building code?

A

Bureau of Indian Standards under Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution

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10
Q

Where will the world environment education congress host in 2017

A

Vancouver, Canada

It is the largest int’l congress addressing edcation for environment and sustainable development

Its permanent secretariat is at Turin, Italy

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11
Q

Where will the climatr change conference be held in 2017?

A

Bonn, Germany

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12
Q

Vienna Energy Forum?

A

It aims to explore how energy can contribute to meeting global development challenges. It is a biennial, global and multi-stakeholder forum
It is a joint initiative of Austrian govt, Int’l Institute for Applied System Analysis, and UNIDO

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13
Q

UNIDO

A

It is a specialized agency of the UN. Its mission as per Lima Declaration is to promote inclusive and sustainable development for poverty reduction, inclusive globalization and environmental sustainability.

It is headquartered in Vienna

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14
Q

What is Ecologically Sensitive Area?

A

MoEF defines it as a bio-climatic unit wherein human actions have caused irreversible changes in the structure of biological communities and their natural habitats.

EPA,1986 doesn’t mention it explicitly

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15
Q

Which states are conducting syncronized elephant census?

A

Odisha, WB, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh using direct and i direct methods

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16
Q

First Tiger Reserve to get official mascot?

A

Bhoorsingh- the Barasingha at Kanha TR, MP.
Also called swamp deer, the state animal of MP

Vulnerable
Extinct in Pak and Bangladesh and is native to India and Nepal

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17
Q

State Bird of Delhi?

A

House sparrow

Seminary Hills in Nagpur is to be designated as sparrow conservation site
Similar prog is being launched at Sanjay Gandhi NP, Borivali and forest deptt’s Rambagh Colony in Chandrapur

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18
Q

Shahtoosh?

A

Banned under CITES
Obtained from Tibetan Antelope, Chiru (Near Threatened)
Schedule 1 animal
Migrates from Tibet to Ladakh in summer

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19
Q

Which state is setting Bustard breeding centre?

A

Rajasthan.. State bird of Rajasthan
Found in central and western India and Eastern Pak
It avoids irrigated areas
Schedule-1 of WPA and CMS or Bonn convention
Appendix-1 of CITES
CRITICALLY ENDANGERED

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20
Q

Indian wild dogs (Dholes)

A

Schedule 2 of WPA
ENDANGERED
Indira Gandhi Zoological Park, Vishakapatnam ran a conservation breeding centre. It is largest zoo of AP

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21
Q

Black necked crane

A
Arunachal
Migratory birds.. Commonly found in china
Sacred to buddhists
Legally protected in Bhutan and India
VULNERABLE
schedule-1
Locally known as Dhung Dhung Karma
Only high altitude crane
Build nests in vast open environment
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22
Q

Star tortoises

A

Chinnar WS, only rehab centre for start tortoises

Inhabit scrublands, grasslands and some coastal scrublands of arid and semi-arid regions

Found in India pak sri lanka
Appendix 2 of CITES
VULNERABLE
schedule 4 of WPA

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23
Q

First sanctuary in Maharshtra to be declared satellite core?

A

Umred Karhandla WS, Nagpur is declared satellite core for Bor TR
A satellite core is a sub-protected area supporting another protected area

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24
Q

Kharai camels

A
Swimming camels
Found only in Gujarat's bhuj area
Can survive in both coastal and dry ecosystems
Grazes on saline/mangraove trees
Tolerant to high saline water
Can swim upto 3km in sea

Bred by Fakirani Jats (handlers) and Rabaris (owners)

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25
Q

Greater Adjutant Stork

A

Found in Assam and Cambodia as breeding centres

ENDANGERED

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26
Q

Whitley Awards

A

Also called Green oscars
Given to-
1. Sanjay Ghubbi of Karnataka to protect tiger corridors
2. Purnima Barman for conservation of Greater Adjutant Stork

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27
Q

Tree living crab found in?

A

Kerala

Kani tribe

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28
Q

Congress Grass

A

Carrot weed.. Is a versatile annual herb
Scientific name is Partheniun hysteophorus
Native of tropical america and west indies

Introduced in India as a contaminant of food grains imported from Mexico (1956)
Found in entire india except hilly states

Biological control through Mexican beetle
Pesticides like Glaiphoset and matribuzin

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29
Q

Int’l plant protection convention (IPPC)

A

It is a multilateral treaty overseen by FAO

Aims to secure coordinated effective action to prevent and to control the introduction and spread of pests of plants and plant products

It extends beyond the protection pf cultivated plants to the protection of natural flora and plant products

It takes into consideration both direct and indirect damage by pests, so it includes weeds

It is recognized by WTO’s Agreement if Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures as the only int’l standard setting body for plant health

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30
Q

Diesel Particulate Filter

A

Used in BS V
removes Particulate matter/soot from diesel exhaust
Needs temp of 600 degree celsius to function

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31
Q

Selective catalytic reduction technology

A

Reduces nitrogen oxides by injecting an aqueous solution having ammonia

Used in BS VI
fixed in engine exhaust

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32
Q

Flue gas?

A

It is a mixture of gases which is produced by combustion of fuel and other materials in power stations and various industrial plants and released in the atmosphere via flu (ducts)

Contains oxides of nitrogen, CO2, CO, sulphur oxides, particulate matter like soot

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33
Q

Flue gas desulfurization technology

A

Used to remove sulphur dioxide from exhaust flue gases of fossil fuel power plants, as well as from the emissions of other sulphur oxideh emitting processes

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34
Q

Project MIDAS

A

UK based Antarctic research project, investigating the effects of warming climate on the Larsen C ice shelf

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35
Q

8 Missions under National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)

A

National Solar Mission
national water mission
National Mission for Enhanced Energy efficiency
National mission for sustainable habitats
National mission for sustaining the Himalayan ecosystem
National mission for green india
National mission for sustainable agriculture
National mission on strategic knowledge for climate change

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36
Q

Green climate fund was formally established in?

A

Durban, south africa

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37
Q

Idea for green climate fund was first proposed at

A

Copenhagen

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38
Q

Adaptation Fund?

A

It was set up in 2001 under Kyoto protocol of UNFCCC
MANAGED BY Adaptation Fund Board
Meets twice a year

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39
Q

Mission Innovation

A

Announced during CoP 21 at paris by countries with shared desire to accelerate global energy innovation with following aims:

  1. To make clean energy affordable
  2. To address climate change
  3. To create green jobs and commercial opportunities

India is founding member of steering committee and also member of 2 sub-groups: Joint research and Capacity Building and Pvt sector engagement

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40
Q

Carbfix project

A

Project in iceland
Aims to lock away CO2 by reacting it with basaltic rocks
This is called enhanced weathering

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41
Q

Wheat Blast

A

Disease has entered Bangladesh and can reach India by import, wind etc
Caused by Fungus Magnapartheorhyzae, which also causes Rice Blast
Thrives in hot humid climate
First identified in Brazil

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42
Q

Global Alliance for Climate Smart Agriculture was organized at?

A

Rome by FAO

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43
Q

India’s first green corridor

A

Manamadurai-Rameshwaram stretch of Southern Railway became India’s 1st Green corridor

Rameshwaram railway station had already been developed as Green Station

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44
Q

Food legume research platform to be set up at?

A

MP by ICARDA and ICAR

ICARDA: Int’l Council for Agricultural research in dry Areas

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45
Q

Photocatalyst to completely degrade industrial dyes

A

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles doped with sulphur and carbon by treating it with red seaweed polymer carrageenan

By central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute

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46
Q

Which state govt launched a scheme to produce hydroponics green fodder?

A

Kerala

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47
Q

Which country banned deforestation?

A

Norway

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48
Q

Which country topped WB’s Energy Efficiency Implementation Readiness Index?

A

Andhra

Followed by Rajasthan and Karnataka

49
Q

Bani Grassland

A

Arid grassland in Kutch

It is believed to be last known habitat of cheetah in india

50
Q

1st genetic garden of halophytes in the world is at?

A

Tamil Nadu

51
Q

Earth’s oldest living animal with a backbone

A

Greenland shark

Until now, it was bowhead whale

52
Q

Ecological Experimental Zones

A

China will set up several EEZ to carry out reforms in ecological civilization in a bid to improve the environment damaged by fast paced development in past 3 decades

Its aim is to incorporate certain ecological friendly practices in these zones which are also aligned with the development needs

53
Q

Mythical chandrabhaga river found at?

A

Near konark sun tenple, odisha

54
Q

Winter Fog Experiment (WIFEX)

A

Ministry of Earth Sciences has launched WIFEX to achieve better understanding of fog lifecycle at Indira Gandhi Int’l Airport, Delhi

55
Q

Heritage awards

A

By IUCN
Assam based Bibhuti Lahkar became 1st Asian to be awarded for saving the grasslands, flora and fauna of Manas NP
He was instrumental in connecting Manas NP with Royal Manas NP of Bhutan

56
Q

Luc Hoffman award

A

By IUCN
Given to Dr. Dhrubajyoti Ghosh
He mapped the area of East Kolkatta wetland and innovatively calculated the economic value of its loss and presented it in Net Present Value which could easily be used in GDP and other mathematical calculations

57
Q

Rip tides

A

Also known as ebb jet or tidal jet
These are powerful currents running perpendicular to the shore
They pull the water out into the ocean
Rip currents are caused due to shape of the shoreline or due to formation of sandbar

58
Q

Polachira wetlands

A

27th annual waterfowl census was conducted here
It is in kollam, kerala
It is breeding ground for migratory birds from all around the world

Eurasian spoonbills were spotted here

59
Q

Eurasian spoonbills

A

Migratory birds breeding from UK and Spain in the west to Japan in the east

60
Q

Hakki Habba

A

3 day bird festival which was held at Daroji Sloth Bear Sanctuary near Hampi

61
Q

Sloth bears

A

A specie of bear found only in india, nepal and sri lanka
Nocturnal
Known as karaddi locally
Have poor vision and hearing but good sense of smell
Daroji sanctuary is biggest sloth bird sanctuary in Asia
Vulnerable
Appendix 1 of CITES
Schedule 1 of WPA

62
Q

Seaweed

A

Agar-agar (Japan), Alginic acid (Europe)
It is medicinal food
Rich in vitamins and minerals

Used in cosmetics and drugs
China produces over half of world’s seaweed and Indonesia 27%

In india- Gulf of Mannar, Gulf of Kutch, Cath Bay, Hansadweep and Bay Islands

63
Q

Brics udaipur declaration

A

Disaster management

64
Q

Samudra pahredar

A

India and Sri Lanka held join oil spill prevention exercise onboard the Indian Coast Guard ships

65
Q

Disaster Risk Index

A

Calculated by University of Stuttgart
India ranks 77th
Vanuatu topped

66
Q

ENVIS

A

Environmental Information System
Under MoEF
Central sector scheme
Aims at information collection, storage and dissemination related to environment sector for promoting sustainable practices

Helps in policy formulation and decision making as well as environment impact assessment by agencies

67
Q

National Electricity Mobility Mission Plan

A

To achieve national fuel security by promoting hybrid and electric vehicles

The govt plans to incentivize the buyers

68
Q

Green corridor project

A

A project for evacuation of renewable energy from generation points to the load centres by creating intra-state and inter-state transmission infrastructure

Intra-state component is being implemented by respective states
Power Grid Corporation of India will implement inter-state component
1st corridor is being set for states rich in renewable energy

69
Q

Green Highway policy

A

Plantation drive of 1500km of National Highway
1% of the total project cost will be kept aside in Green Highway Fund
Release of funds to empanelled agencies only if they have achieved a survival rate of 90% in previous year
Implementation and progress will be monitored via ISRO and audit will involve modern IT tools

70
Q

Green Urban Transport Scheme (GUTS)

A

Provision of non-motorized transport infrastructure
Increasing access to public transport
Use of clean technologies
Adoption of Intelligent transport systems
Private sector participation

71
Q

Metro Policy

A

Preparation of comprehensive mobility plans of cities to ensure last mile connectivity with metro stations besides bringing in more innovative models of implementation

State govt would be encouraged to form Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority to facilitate coordinated planning and implementation of projects relating to urban transport and integrated management

72
Q

Non-Motorized Transport

A

Promote NMT infrastructure for encouraging walking and cycling

73
Q

Swachhta Pakhwada Campaign

A

To achieve total sanitization and cleanliness under Swachh Bharat Mission

Under it, a Swachh Bharat Fortnight if being organized by different ministries
It is voluntary

74
Q

National Green Corps

A

Initiative of MoEF for creating environmental awareness
Aims at building cadres of young children working towards environmental conservation and sustainable development
Operated through Eco-Clubs which are set up in schools

75
Q

Report on Animals and Plant Discoveries released by?

A

MoEF with the help of Botanical Survey of India and Zoological Survey of India

Most discoveries were made in Eastern Himalyas, followed by Western Ghats and then A&N islands

76
Q

Kerala Bird Atlas Project

A

To map the distribution and abundance of birds of an entire Indian state
First time in India that birds in an entire state are being mapped
Other similar effort was done in Mysore
Coordination by Hume Centre for Ecology and Wildlife Biology, Bird Count India, and E-Bird

77
Q

CRZ-1

A

Ecologically sensitive areas that are essential in maintaining the ecosystem of the coast. They lie between low and high tide line.

Exploration of natural gas and extraction of salts is permitted

78
Q

CRZ-2

A

These areas form upto the shoreline of the coast.

Unauthorized structures are not allowed to construct in this zone

79
Q

CRZ-3

A

Rural and urban localities which fall outside the 1 and 2. Only certain activities related to agriculture and some public facilities are allowed

80
Q

CRZ-4

A

Lies in the aquatic area upto territorial limits.
Fishing and allied activities are permitted in this zone
Solid waste should be let off in this zone

81
Q

Pakhui Tiger Reserve

A

Now known as Pakke TR, Arunachal

82
Q

Dudhai Biodiversity Management committee

A

in Uttrakhand

Banned illegal sand mining and revived river ecosystems

83
Q

ESZ prhibited area

A

Commercial mining
Setting of saw mill
Setting of Industries causing pollution
Establishment of major hydroelectric projects etc

84
Q

ESZ Regulated area

A

Felling of Trees
Establishment of Hotels and Resorts
Erection of electric cables
Drastic change of agricultural systems etc

85
Q

ESZ Permitted

A

Ongoing agriculture and horticulture by local communities
Rain water harvesting
Organic farming etc

86
Q

Wildlife Conservation Society India Program

A

Based in Bengaluru
Has combined cutting edge research on tigers and other wildlife with national capacity building and effective site-based conservation through constructive collaborations with governmental and non-governmental partners

87
Q

Nilambur Teak

A

Kerala
Set to get GI tag
Oldest teak plantation in world
World’s first teak museum

88
Q

Neurocalyxcalycinus

A

Multiple therapeutic properties
Used by Cholanaikkan Tribe of Kerala
Endemic to Western Ghats and Sri Lanka
Locally known as Pachachedi
It has anti-inflammatory properties similar to diclofenac sodium
High Vitamin E content and cytoprotective activity

89
Q

Cholanaikkan Tribe

A

PVTG of Kerala
Only surviving hunter gatherer tribe in India
Do not engage in farming
Only tribal community in Asia to live in rock-cut shelters

90
Q

Impatiens or Balsam or Jewel weeds

A

Seen in pristine forests where moisture content and relative humidity are high
Found in Eravikullam NP which is surrounded by sholas and have highest surviving population of Nilgiri tahr

91
Q

Sholas

A

Stuntet tropical montane forest in valleys amid rolling grasslands

92
Q

New species of Eel found in?

A

Bay of Bengal along WB coast

Eels are found mostly at the bottom of rivers and seas. This species was found at 35m depth in the sea

93
Q

Irawaddy dolphins or snubfin dolphins

A

Found from northwest Bay of Bengal to south of Indonesia
Vulnerable
Chillika lake emerged as primary habitat
Also found at Bhitarkanika and Gahirmatha

94
Q

Fishing Cat

A

West Bengal declared it as state animal
It is medium sized wild car of south and south east Asia
Vulnerable
Found in vicinity of wetlands, rivers streams, oxbow lakes, swamps and mangroves

95
Q

Wildlife crime control Bureau

A

Statutory body under wildlife protection Act
Tackles wildlife related crimes in the country
Assisted by other law enforcement agencies in investigation

96
Q

Operation Thunder Bird

A

Codenamed for Interpol’s multi-national and multi-species enforcement operation

The operation brought about awareness among the enforcement agencies to focus on the existing trade routes and major hubs in the country

WCCB under MoEFCC participated

97
Q

Operation Save Kurma

A

WCCB convened specific specific operation in turtles

98
Q

Bornean Orangutan

A

Critically endangered declared
Native to borneo
Together with the Sumatran orangutan, it belongs to the only genus of great apes native to Asia

99
Q

Indian Roller Bird or Neelkanth

A

Schedule 4 but is getting endangered
State bird of various states like Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha

Under schedule 4, capturing and displaying bird is illegal

100
Q

Invasive Giant African Land Snail sighted at?

A

Goa University Campus

Listed in world’s top 100 invasive species

101
Q

Home of Big Five?

A

Kaziranga NP

5- one horned rhino, asiatic wild buffalo, Tigers, eastern swamp deer, and Elephant

Houses 2/3rd of world’s 1-horned rhino (Vulnerable)
Highest density of tiger in wild in world
Almost entire population of eastern swamp deer

World heritage site by UNESCO

102
Q

Asia’s biggest Arch dam

A

Idukki arch dam

103
Q

Olive ridley turtles

A

Smallest and most abundant of all sea turtle species
Omnivores
Heart shaped shell
Found in warmer waters, including south Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans
Known for arribadas (synchronized mass nesting)
Gahirmatha located in Bhitarkanika houses world larget mass nesting site of turtles
Hope Islands of Coringa WS, AP has also emerged as breeding ground
Breeding season is from Oct to feb

Vulnerable
Schedule 1 of WPA

104
Q

IUCN status of Giraffe

A

Vulnerable

105
Q

Kashmiri Red stag or Hangul

A

Critically Endangered
Known for its giant antlers bearing 11-16 points
Confined to Greater Dachigam Landscape encompassing Dachigam NP and surrounding areas
State Animal of J&K
Other CE animal of J&K is markhor
Schedule-1 of WOA

106
Q

Indian painted frog

A

Spotted in Bejjur forest in Adilabad, Telangana
Found in tree holes, burrows, pollution free wetlands and riverine areas

Least concern

107
Q

Bejjur reserve forest

A

On the banks of Pranhita river

The Peddavagu stream cuts across the forest

108
Q

Smooth coated otter

A

Sighted for the first time in the mangrove forest adjacent to Krishna WLS
Presence indicates the rise if mangrove cover
It is distributed through out south Asia and south east asia

Vulnerable

109
Q

Eurasian Otter

A

Discovered from Satpura TR and Kanha-Pench corridor
It was believed to be restricted to Himalyas and some parts of western ghats

Near threatened
One of the rarest Indian mammal but is widely distributed in Europe, Africa and Asia

110
Q

Indian wild orange

A

Locally known as Biurengthai
Earlier was reported only from Garo hills and used for spiritual and medicinal purpose
Now found in Manipur too

It is native Indian species of citrus
Considered most primitive citrus

Endangered
Nokrek BR is imp site

111
Q

Himalyan Brown Bear

A

Spotted in Ladakh’s Drass sector
Largest mammal in Himalyan region

Critically endangered

112
Q

State with highest tigers

A

Karnataka

Followed by UK

113
Q

2 new TR in Uttrakhand

A

Nandhaur and Surai Range

With these, UK will be 1st state to have 4 TRs

114
Q

Country’s 1st tiger repository

A

Under Wildlife Institute of India

115
Q

Asian waterbird census data

A

It is world’s longest biodiversity management programme
It happens every Jan across Asia and Australia during non-breeding period
In India, coordinated by Bombay Natural History society along with Wetlands Int’l

116
Q

Taj Mahal turned green because of?

A

Release of faeces and dirt by insect Geoldichironomous

117
Q

Seechewal model

A

Named after environment activist Balbir Singh Seechewal who revived Kali Bein rivulet (a rivulet of Beas river) in Punjab

118
Q

Hawa Badlo App

A

Launched by Environmental Pollution (Prevention and Control) Authority
It lets people report incidences of air pollution to the govt
Each complaint would be geo-referenced
It will generate weekly report which will be sent to Central and State Pollution Control Boards