Enteropathogenic Bacteria

Question 1

increase in stool mass, frequency, fluidity, typically greater than 200g/day

Answer 1

Diarrhea

Question 2

fluid loss of severe cases of diarrhea

Answer 2

14L/day

Question 3

Types of Diarrhea

Answer 3

secretory diarrhea
osmotic diarrhea
malabsorptive diarrhea
exudate diarrhea

Question 4

characterized by isotonic stool
persists during fasting
fluid is not absorbed

Answer 4

secretory diarrhea

Question 5

type of diarrhea due to mucosal damage, bacterial enterotoxins, and excessive laxatives

Answer 5

secretory diarrhea

Question 6

type of diarrhea due to excessive osmotic forces exerterd by UNABSORBED luminal solutes

abates with fasting

Answer 6

osmotic diarrhea

Question 7

diarrhea fluid is more than 50milliosmoles more concentrated than plasma

Answer 7

osmotic diarrhea

Question 8

type of diarrhea which follows generalized failure of nutrient absorption

Answer 8

malabsorptive diarrhea

Question 9

associated with steatorrhea

relieved by fasting

Answer 9

malabsorptive diarrhea

Question 10

diarrhea due to inflammatory disease or infectious disease causes

Answer 10

exudate diarrhea

Question 11

characterized by purulent (greenish), bloody stools that continue during fasting

Answer 11

exudate diarrhea

Question 12

chain of infection

Answer 12

infectious agents
reservoir
portal of entry
mode of transmission
portals of exit
susceptible host

Question 13

tool in public health tot make preventive and curative efforts

Answer 13

chain of infection

Question 14

local defenses of the GI tract

Answer 14

acidic gastric environment
viscous mucous layer
different enzymes
bile detergents
IgE from Payer's patches
defensins
peristalsis
normal gut flora

Question 15

peptides produced by epithelial cells

Answer 15

defensins

Question 16

Diarrhea: usual mechanisms of action

Answer 16

1. adhesion and local proliferation
2. adhesion and mucosal invasion
3. hijacking of host pathways of antigen uptake
4. formation of exotoxins

Question 17

MOA: cholera

Answer 17

adhesion and local proliferation (produces exotoxins –> watery diarrhea)

Question 18

MOA: shigella, salmonella, campylobacter

Answer 18

adhesion and mucosal invasion

Question 19

tissue damage and bleeding which results dysentery

Answer 19

adhesion and mucosal invasion

Question 20

cells that overlie the Peyer’s patches and act to present Ag to the peyer’s patches (lymphoid tissue)

Answer 20

M cells

Question 21

some organisms inject some toxins into these M cells and manipulate their function

Answer 21

hijacking of host pathways of Ag uptake

Question 22

MOA: S.aureus, candida, clostridium perfringens

Answer 22

formation of exotoxins

Question 23

proliferates intracellular, espcape into the lamina propria and are phagocytosed by macrophages to induce apoptosis

Answer 23

Shigella

Question 24

agent of bubonic and pulmonic plague

Answer 24

Y. pestis