Enteric Infections Flashcards
• What is the single most important therapy for someone with an enteric infection?
Oral rehydration salts (ORS) therapy. Sodium and glucose is taken into the enterocytes and therefore water will follow.
Salmonella
1) where do you get it from?
2) does infection extend beyond BM?
3) human-human spread -T/F?
4) how does it present?
1) Contaminated poultry/dairy products.
2) Infection doesn’t extend beyond basement membrane.
3) No human-human spread
4) Watery brown diarrhoea, can lead to systemic infection. Resolves in several days
Shigella
1) spread?
2) makes what toxin?
3) effect on gut?
4) Presentation?
1) human- faeco-oral spread
2) shiga toxin
3) invades gut by destroying submucosa
4) High fever, high WBC, fever resolves and diarrhoea begins
Campylobacter
1) how do you get it?
2) commonest cause of?
3) presentation on microscope
4) complication?
1) undercooked poultry (BBQ)
2) food poisoning
3) dysentery - looks like seagulls on microscope
4) guillan-barre syndrome (post-infectious peripheral neuropathy - autoimmune)
E.Coli
1) spread?
2) presentation?
3) complications?
1) other humans (faeco-oral)
2) abrupt onset D&V
3) haemorrhagic colitis
C.difficile
1) spread?
2) why does alcohol gel not work?
3) occurs post use of what Tx?
4) complications ?
1) hospital acquired diarrhoea
2) spore forming so alcohol gel doesn’t work - need soap and water.
3) occurs post antibiotic use
4) toxic megacolon, perforation.
What virus causes an outbreak in children and care homes?
Uncommon in what
age group?
Presentation - stops when?
Rotavirus
Adults
Abrupt D&V - recovery in 48 hours
Which virus causes outbreaks in closed communities?
Presentation?
Norovirus
Explosive D&;V
Astrovirus is a co-infection that presents with which viral infections?
Presents in whom?
Time of year?
Rotavirus and norovirus
Infants and elderly
Winter
What is the complication of all viral enteric infections?
Dehyrdation but thats it.
