Entamoeba Histolytica Flashcards
How is Entamoeba histolytica classified?
Kingdom: Protista
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum: Sarcodina
Class: Lobosea
Order: Euamoebida
Genus: Entamoeba
Species: histolytica
How is Entamoeba histolytica classified?
Kingdom: Protista
Phylum: Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum: Sarcodina
Class: Lobosea
Order: Euamoebida
Genus: Entamoeba
Species: histolytica
Q: What is the geographical distribution of Entamoeba histolytica?
Entamoeba histolytica is found globally, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions, but it can also be found in cooler climates where searches have been conducted.
: What are the main forms of Entamoeba histolytica?
Trophozoite: Active form, causes dysentery, found in the large intestine.
Pre-cyst: Transitional form, smaller than trophozoite, sluggish movements.
Cyst: Infective form, found in the stool and spread via contaminated food or water.
: What are the main forms of Entamoeba histolytica?
Trophozoite: Active form, causes dysentery, found in the large intestine.
Pre-cyst: Transitional form, smaller than trophozoite, sluggish movements.
Cyst: Infective form, found in the stool and spread via contaminated food or water.
Q: What are the key characteristics of the trophozoite form of Entamoeba histolytica?
Trophozoites are 15-30 µm in size,have ectoplasm and endoplasm have a nucleus with a central karyosome, and their cytoplasm may contain red blood cells (RBCs). They are motile and cause acute dysentery and tissue amebiasis.
Q: What is the life cycle of Entamoeba histolytica?
Entamoeba histolytica passes its life cycle in one host (humans). The cyst is ingested, excystation occurs in the intestine, releasing trophozoites. These invade the mucosa, multiply, and can cause ulcers. Cysts are passed out in stool.
Q: What are the clinical features of an Entamoeba histolytica infection?
The incubation period is 4-5 days, causing amebiasis. Symptoms include diarrhea, dysentery with blood and mucus in stools, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, liver abscesses or extra-intestinal manifestations.
What are the diagnostic methods for Entamoeba histolytica infection?
Stool examination for cysts or trophozoites.
Sigmoidoscopy to examine lesions in the rectum.
Serological tests like ELISA and Western blot.
Imaging such as X-ray or ultrasound for liver abscess detection.
What are the preventive measures for Entamoeba histolytica?
fruits/vegetables, and food protection.
Community sanitation: Proper fecal disposal and protecting water supplies from contamination.
How is Entamoeba histolytica treated?Severe amebic dysentery
Severe amebic dysentery: Dehydroemetine followed by Metronidazole.
Less acute cases: Metronidazole or Tinidazole.
Amicline or Dependal are effective for intestinal and extra-intestinal amebiasis.
