ENT VII Flashcards
inner ear barotrauma
occurs following development of a sudden pressure differential between the inner ear and middle ear, rupture of the oval window
Classification of hearing loss
- sensorineural
- conductive
- mixed loss
Causes of outer ear hearing impairment
- congenital
- infection
- trauma
- tumor
- benign growths
- dermatologic
- cerumen
Causes of middle ear hearing impairment
- congential
- ET dysfunction
- infection
- tumors
- otosclerosis
- TM perf
- middle ear barotrauma
- vascular
Casues of inner ear hearing impairment
- congenital
- hereditary
- presbycusis
- infection
- meniere’s disease
- noise exposure
What causes vestibular schwannomas
overproduction of schwann cells
Where do vestibular schwannomas appear
vestibular portion of the 8th cranial nerve
Are vestibular schwannomas usually unitlateral or bilateral
unilateral except in neurofibromatosis type 2
Neurofibromatosis type 2
genetic disorder, mutation of the merlin gene which is a tumor suppressor gene
Risk factors for vestibular schwannoma
- NF2
- childhood exposure to low dose radiation
- hx of parathyroid adenoma
Clinical presentation of vestibular schwannoma
- asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss
- decreased or absent ipsilateral corneal relfex
- facial twitching
- hypesthesia
Diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma
- audiometry
- MRI
- CT
Management of vestibular schwannoma
- surgery
- radiation
- observation
Complications of vestibular schwannoma
- hearing loss
- facial weakness
- vestibular distrubances
- persistent headache
- CSF leakage
- hemorrhage
- infections
Common causes of barotrauma
flying is most common
diving
blast injuries
