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Finals RP > ENT - throat > Flashcards

ENT - throat Flashcards

1
Q

What is a deep neck space infection?

A

Infection spread from the oropharyngeal region to form either parapharyngeal or retropharyngeal abscess

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2
Q

Most common organism causing DSNIs?

A

Strep Viridians

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3
Q

Features of DSNIs?

A

Severe sore throat, difficulty swallowing, voice changes, neck stiffness
Fever,

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4
Q

What should you do in examination for DSNI?

A

fibreoptic nasal endoscopy

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5
Q

Ix for Dsnis?

A

Blood cultures

CT neck with IV contrast!

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6
Q

Mx of DSNIs?

A

Broad spectrum antibiotics!
Fluids and humidified oxygen w nebulisers
Senior support

+ SURGICAL drainage and washout is definitive management

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7
Q

Definition of Obstructive Sleep apnea?

A

over 5 events per hour

associated symptoms: excessive day sleepiness and reduced concentraion

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8
Q

How can you quantify abnormal daytime sleepiness?

A

Epworth sleeping scale >10 = problem

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9
Q

Ix and grading of sleep apnea?

A

Polysomnography
Apnea-Hypopnea Index:

Mild 5 -14
Moderate 15-30
Severe >30

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10
Q

Mx of sleep apnea?

A

Lifestyle advice about obesity

CPAP

Intra-pral devices

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11
Q

Mx for children with large adenoids that have sleep apnea?

A

Tonsillectomy/Adenectomy!

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12
Q

If on CPAP, need to inform which organisation

A

DVLA

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13
Q

What is a complication of sleep apnea?

A

Cardiovascular co-morbidities - check cardiovascular risk profile regularly

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14
Q

What is the criteria to check likelihood of tonsillitis being bacterial?

A

Centor criteria

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15
Q

What are the Centor criteria?

A

Antibiotics considered if 2 or more of:

Tonsil exudates
Fever
No cough
Tender lymph nodes

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16
Q

Mx of uncomplicated tonsillitis?

A

Hydration and painkillers

17
Q

If bacterial tonsillitis, which antibiotic to avoid?

A

Amoxicillin in case it’s EBV –> maculopapular rash

18
Q

Indications for surgery for tonsillectomy?

A

7 or more in one year
5 or more two years each
3 or more three years each

Malignancy suspected

Sleep apnea

Two peritonsillar abscesses

19
Q

complication of tonsillectomy and how to manage it?

A

Post-op bleeding

antibiotics and hydrogen peroxide mouthwash

20
Q

What is a complication of tonsillitis?

A

Peritonsillar abscess

  • uvula deviated, lots of pain
21
Q

Mx of peritonsillar abscess?

A

IV antibiotics, painkillers and needle aspiration or surgical drainage

Finals RP (11 decks)

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