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Pediatrics Wk 2 > ENT, Resp ID > Flashcards

ENT, Resp ID Flashcards

1
Q

What age can kids have decongestants?

A

8 years

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2
Q

otitis in 6 mo - 2yo

A

Treat aggressively w/ abx

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3
Q

Otitis Media

A

Peak incidence 6-36 months

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4
Q

Most common OM bug

A

Strep
H. Flu
M. Cat

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5
Q

First-line therapy for AOM

A

Amoxacillin

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6
Q

What if amox fails in first 1-2 days

A

Augmentin

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7
Q

Do abx decrease complications of AOM?

A

Nope

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8
Q

OE Bugs

A

Staph A
Pseudo (swimmers)
Proteus

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9
Q

OE Tx

A

Clean ear canal w/ hydrogen peroxide and water.
Corticosporin
CIpro HC
Tobradex

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10
Q

Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis

A

More common in older kids.
Uncommon in kids <2 yrs.
Usually VIRAL.

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11
Q

Most common bacterial cause of Pharyngitis

A

Strep Pyogens

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12
Q

GABHS Throat Tx

A

PCN 1st line

Z-pack

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13
Q

Epstein-Barr Virus

A

Mononucleosis
Malaise, beefy red tonsils and exudate.
Splenomegaly
Afebrile

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14
Q

What would suggest a viral cause of pharyngitis?

A

Vessicles

Clear exudate

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15
Q

Cobblestoning =?

A

Allergy

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16
Q

Herpangina

A

Caused by enterovirus

High fever, small ulcers on erythematous base on tonsils, palate and uvula

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17
Q

Hand, foot and mouth dz

A

Coxsackie virus
Vesicles or red papules found on tongue, mouth, hands and feet.
Mild fever, malaise

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18
Q

What will a smear show with mono?

A

Atypical lymphocytes

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19
Q

URI symptoms and ST suggest what?

A

NOT Strep

Viral, allergy

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20
Q

Apthous stomatitis

A

Canker sour
one or several small ulcers on insides of lips or elsewhere in mouth.
Last 1-2 weeks

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21
Q

Gingivostomatitis

A

Caused by HSV
Fever, cervical lymphadenopathy
Lasts about a week
Antivirals, topical prep

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22
Q

Croup

A

Laryngotrachealbronchitis
Often caused by parainfluenza virus.
Ages 6mo - 3 yrs
Barking cough and stridor

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23
Q

Croup tx

A

Dexamethasone

Stridor at rest: racemic epi

24
Q

Most common bug causing epiglottitis?

A

H. Flu type B

25
Q

Thumb sign =?

A

Epiglottitis

26
Q

Steeple sign =

A

Croup

27
Q

S/S of mumps

A

Parotid gland swelling
Aseptic meningitis
Pancreatitis
Orchitis, epididymitis

28
Q

Heterophile antibody test

A

EBV
Monospot
Can be negative early in the course of illness

29
Q

Kawasaki Dz

A

Vasculitis of unknown origin affecting medium sized arteries.
Exclusively pediatric

30
Q

Kawasaki labs

A

Hypoalbuminemia
Thrombocytosis
Elevated ESR

31
Q

Kawasaki diagnosis

A

Fevor for over 5 days PLUS 4 of 5 of these criteria:

1: rash
2: mucous membrane involvement
3: Unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy
4: Nonpurulent conjunctivitis
5: Swollen hands and feet

32
Q

Kawasaki complications

A

Cardiac: vascilitis, aneurysm, infarction, arrhythmias, CHF

33
Q

Kawasaki dz is leading cause of?

A

Acquired heart dz in children

34
Q

Kawasaki Tx

A

High dose ASA

2 days IVIG

35
Q

Rubeola (Measles)

A

Direct viral infxn of epidermis.

High fever, dry cough, rhinitis, rash

36
Q

Measles rash?

A

Koplik spots
Tiny white dots on red base appearing on buccal mucosa.
Full body rash

37
Q

Rubella

A

German Measles

Uncommon in US

38
Q

Why do we vaccinate against rubella?

A

Congenital rubella syndrome

Rash is fainter than rubeola and does not coalesce.

39
Q

Roseola

A

From HHV-6
Very common
Abrupt onset high fever
Seizures

40
Q

Roseola rash

A

Erythematous maculopapular rash following resolution of fever.

41
Q

Fifth Dz

A

Parvovirus B19
Erythema infectiosum
Slapped cheek dz
mild illness

42
Q

Dew drop on a rose petal

A

Varicella (chickenpox)

43
Q

What rash does rubella cause in newborn?

A

Blueberry muffin rash

44
Q

Pityriasis Rosea

A

Idiopathic, harmless dz

First sign is herald patch followed by central trunk lesions

45
Q

Herald sign

A

Pityriasis Rosea

46
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Inflammation of lower airways.
RSV is usual cause
Can progress to respiratory failure.
Supportive mgmt

47
Q

Bronchitis

A

Coarse bronchial sounds
Nornal CBC, CXR
Usually viral

48
Q

Pneumonia

A

Most peds cases are viral

Unable to predict, so treat with abx

49
Q

Pertussis

A

Whooping cough

Making a comeback

50
Q

What causes whooping cough

A

Bordetella pertussis

51
Q

How long does pertussis last?

A

4 - 12 wks

52
Q

Pertussis course

A

Insidious onset, URI sx

After 2 wks, whooping cough starts (2-4 wks)

53
Q

Pertussis tx

A

Erythromycin for 2 wks

Azithromycin for 5-7 days

54
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

ABnormal dilation and distortion of bronchial tree

CF is most common cause.

55
Q

Varicella rash

A

Starts centrally and on neck, spreads outward

Pediatrics Wk 2 (5 decks)

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