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ENTJaz > ENT embryology > Flashcards

ENT embryology Flashcards

1
Q

wks gestation that pharyngeal arches develop at

A

4-5

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2
Q

1st pharyngeal arch develops at day

A

22

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3
Q

2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch develop at day

A

24

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4
Q

4th + 6th pharyngeal arch develops at day

A

29

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5
Q 
pharyngeal arches consist of:
a core of \_\_\_ => \_\_\_
and \_\_\_ which => \_\_\_
a \_\_ component
\_\_\_ arches
A

mesenchyme (from paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm) => face and neck muscles
neural crest cells => skeletal face
CN
aortic

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6
Q

externally pharyngeal arches are separated by __ = __ lining

A

deep pharyngeal clefts

ectoderm lining

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7
Q

internally pharyngeal arches are separated by ___ = ___ lining

A

pharyngeal pouches

endoderm

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8
Q

neural crest cells migrate __ to __ into pharyngeal arches and lay pathway for __

A

dorsal to ventral

CNs

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9
Q

nerves associated with 1st pharyngeal arch

A

CN V2+3

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10
Q

nerves associated with 2nd pharyngeal arch

A

CN VII

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11
Q

nerves associated with 3rd pharyngeal arch

A

CNIX

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12
Q

4th pharyngeal arch is associated with which nerve

A

superior laryngeal of CN X

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13
Q

6th pharyngeal arch is associated with which nerve

A

recurrent laryngeal of CN X

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14
Q

skeletal components of the head that are derived from the 1st pharyngeal arch

A 
maxillay process (dorsal portion) - maxilla, zygoma, part of temporal bone
mandibular process (ventral) - meckel's cartilage (regresses) then incus, malleus and mandible
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15
Q

muscles derived from the 1st pharyngeal arch

A 
mastication muscles
mylohyoid
anterior belly of the digastric
tensor tympani
tensor palatini (CNV3)
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16
Q

sensory supply of the face derived from 1st pharyngeal arch comes from CN__s

A

V1+2+3

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17
Q

skeletal parts of head that are derived from 2nd pharyngeal arch

A

stapes
styloid process of temporal
stylohyoid ligament
lesser horn and upper part of hyoid

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18
Q

muscles derived from the 2nd pharyngeal arch

A 
muscles of facial expression
stapedius
stylohyoid
posterior belly of digastric
auricular muscles (tend to regress
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19
Q

skeletal parts of head derived from 3rd pharyngeal arch =

A

greater horn and lower part of body of hyoid

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20
Q

muscles derived from 3rd pharyngeal arch

A

stylopharyngeus

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21
Q

the laryngeal cartilages are derived from __ (pharyngeal arches)

A

4th and 6th

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22
Q

muscles derived from the 4th pharyngeal arch

A

cricothyroid
levator palatini
pharyngeal constrictors

23
Q

muscles derived from the 6th pharyngeal arch

A

intrinsic laryngeal

24
Q

the external auditory meatus is derived embryologically from

A

the 1st pharyngeal cleft

25
Q

2nd - 4th pharyngeal clefts merge to form the __ which later regresses (if persists can => ___)

A

cervical sinus

cyst

26
Q

the first pharyngeal pouch goes on to form __+__+__

A

middle ear, eustachian tube and tympanic membrane

27
Q

the 2nd pharyngeal pouch goes on to form ___

A

palatine tonsil

28
Q

the 3rd pharyngeal pouch goes on to form ___+__

A

inferior PT gland (dorsally) and thymus (ventrally)

29
Q

the 4th pharyngeal pouch goes on to form __+__

A

superior PT gland, ultimobrachial body (C cells of thyroid)

30
Q

otic placodes = thickenings of ___

they overlie the ____ and => ___=>___

A

ectoderm
hindbrain
otic vesicles and then inner ear

31
Q

utricular portion of the otic vesicles goes on to form the

A

semicircular canals

32
Q

the saccular portion of the otic vesicles goes on to form the

A

cochlea

33
Q

3 dilated ends of the semicircular canals =

A

crus ampullare

34
Q

there are __ crus non-ampullare in the semicircular canals and these are ___ (description)

A

2

non-dilated

35
Q

within the ampullae of the semicircular canals there is the crista ampullaris =

A

sensory cells for balance and vestibular fibres of VIII

36
Q

the cochlea has ___ spirals

A

2.5

37
Q

the ridge of bone in the cochlea =

A

modiolus

38
Q

the membrane in the organ of corti =

A

tectorial membrane

39
Q

in cochlea:

___ then vestibular membrane then ____ then basilar membrane then __

A

scala vestibuli
scala media/cochlear duct
scala tympani

40
Q

external auditory meatus embryology:

in month 3 epithelial cells proliferate to form ___ => dissolves at ___ and contributes to ___

A

meatal plug
month 7
eardrum

41
Q

auricle = 6 ___ around the ___

A 
mesenchymal proliferations (3 from 1st arch and 3 from 2nd arch)
1st pharyngeal cleft
42
Q

embryology:

____ fuse to form the auricle

A

auricular hillocks

43
Q

5 facial swellings present at wk 4 gestation

A

frontonasal prominence
2 maxillary prominences
2 mandibular prominences

44
Q

at wk 5 gestation 4 more nasal swellings (__+__) develop due to ____

A

2x medial
2x lateral nasal swellings
invagination of nasal placodes and surroundings swell around them

45
Q

at wk 6 ___ move down to meet ___ these fuse to leave the ___ between maxillary prominence and lateral nasal prominence

A

nasal swellings
maxillary prominence
nasolacrimal groove

46
Q

embryological derivatives of upper lip =

A

2x medial nasal swellings

2x maxillary prominences

47
Q

embryological derivatives of lower lip

A

mandibular prominence

48
Q

frontonasal prominence (embryological) goes on to form

A

bridge and septum of nose

49
Q

medial nasal prominences go on to form

A

crest and tip of nose

50
Q

alae are embryologically derived from

A

lateral nasal swellings

51
Q

cleft palate and lips are more common M/F

A 
palate = F>M
lips = M>F
52
Q

anterior cleft lip lies anterior to __

A

incisive foramen

53
Q

nasal cavity junction with pharynx contains the

A

choanae

ENTJaz (6 decks)

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