ENT Flashcards
1
Q
What is leucoplakia?
A
Hyperkeratosis that can’t be scraped away
Premalignant epithelial dysplasis
2
Q
What is erythroplakia?
A
Red velvety patches of epithelial atrophy and pronounced dysplasia
Mainly in elderly males + heavy tobacco use
Malignant transformation more common than in leucoplakia
3
Q
Most common tumour of mouth
A
SCC
(95% head + neck cancers)
lips most common and amenable to surgery
tongue: typically lateral borders and anterior 2/3
floor of mouth: less common, generally asymptomatic –> mets
4
Q
Causes of mouth cancer
A
Smoking
Alcohol (moderate intake = decreased risk, excessive intake = increased risk)
Nutritional deficiencies
Viral (esp HPV)
5
Q
Prognosis of oral cancer
A
May infiltrate locally and metastasise to regional lymph nodes
5-year survival: 50%
