ent Flashcards
what is the most common type of oral ulcer?
squamous cell carcinoma
what antibiotcs do you prescribe to a patient who is penicillin allergic and have presented with sore throt?
clarithromycin 500mg bd for 5 days
what is the most common cause of a malignant tumour of the parotid gland?
mucoepidermoid carcinoma. the swelling will be hard and there will be fascial nerve involvement due to inifilteration.
management of labirithitis or acute vestibulitis is
symptomatic- prochlorperazine or cyclizine
if the inr is 5.5 and the patient had epistaxis then the management is
stop the warfrin and give iv vitamin k
what is the condition characteristically appears as unilateral hearing loss and ottorhea
cholesteatoma, otitis media with effusion will not have effusion and has a bimodal distribution
sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss should be managed by
same day referral because it is an ent emergency
most common cause of otitis externa is
pseudomonas aeroginosa- gram negetive rods
which nerve innervates tensor tympani?
cn5 mandibular division.the tensor tympani muscle is one of two small muscles located in the middle ear. Its purpose is to dampen loud sounds that might otherwise cause damage to the ear.
what is the management of acute bacterial
oral amoxi or doxy give it when there is purulent discharge and one sided symptoms
acute mastoiditis management
iv antibiotics
hpv 16 predisposes to
oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer.
pink tinge to the tympanic membrane, which is known as Schwarze sign or Flamingo flush, is found in
otoscelrosis.. first line management is hearing aids
flat tympanogram trace type b is indicative of
fluid behind the tympanic membrane
reinkes edema is most commonly associated with
hypothyroidism….it will have hoarsening of the voice gradually and thickening of the vocal cords
when can tonislectomy be considered
if a patient has more than 5 episodes per year for 2 years
what is the first line management of acute otitis media with effusion?
2-6 weeks of amoxicillin and of teh amox fails then go for grommet
otitis media of more than 3 days then give
abx
which drug can cause sensorineural hearing loss
furosamide
adult-onset asthma, symptoms of nasal obstruction and bilateral nasal polyps classical features of this condition.
eosinophillic granulomatosis polyangitis and saddle nose are associated with granulomatosis with polyangitis
A 30 year old woman is involved in a road traffic accident. Primary survey shows no obvious abnormalities and her observations are normal. However, there is blood-stained serous discharge from the right ear. On otoscopy, blood is visualised behind the tympanic membrane. When the discharge is dropped onto filter paper, it demonstrates the “halo sign”. Which additional finding would be most in keeping with the most likely diagnosis?
behind mastoid bruising- battle sign. due to pterous bone fracture …investigation would be CT.
Anterior rhinoscopy shows a bilateral cherry-red swelling arising from the nasal septum. management is
septal haematoma requires urgent referral to the ENT for incision and drainage or else the nose can have saddle nose deformity or necrosis of the septum.
what isthe management of mineres
acute use of prochlorperazine and prophylaxis with beta histine
what is the two imaging required in a suspected cholesteatoma?
pure tone audiometery and CT
road traffic accident can predispose you to
BPPV
which head and head cancer is most common in hpv infection?
oropharyngeal cancer
till which size of vestibular schwannoma do we not do anything?
till its 400mm or its fast growing….reassess every 6 months
