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AP Euro > Enlightenment Thinkers and Scientific Revolution > Flashcards

Enlightenment Thinkers and Scientific Revolution Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

Copernicus

A

Publishes heliocentric theory

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2
Q

Heliocentric theory

A

Sun is the center of the universe and that plants and such go around it

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3
Q

Vesalius

A

Publishes first human anatomy textbook

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4
Q

Brahe

A

Discovers Nova, new star

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5
Q

Nova

A

Meaning the universe is always changing

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6
Q

Jansen

A

invents microscope

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7
Q

Kepler

A

Publishes first two laws of planetary motion

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8
Q

First two laws of planetary motion

A
  1. Stars go around the sun

2. We don’t go in a full circle

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9
Q

Galileo

A

Publishes Starry Messenger

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10
Q

Starry messenger

A
  1. Discovers law of pendulum
  2. Falling objects accelerate at a fixed rate
  3. No matter the weight objects will fall at the same rate
  4. Jupiter has 4 moons
  5. Sun has dark spots
  6. The moon is uneven
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11
Q

Bacon

A

Publishes book Novum Organum

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12
Q

Harvey

A

Reveals how human heart functions

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13
Q

Galileo faces Inquisition for support

A

Was given choice of slow torture or disagreeing with the catholic church

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14
Q

Descartes

A

Book of Discourse on Method and sets forth Scientific Method (Empiricism)

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15
Q

Empiricism

A

Learning through experience

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16
Q

Torricelli

A

invents barometer (air pressure)

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17
Q

England

A

Establishes Royal Society (welcomes scientist)

18
Q

Boyle

A

Discovers Boyle’s law

19
Q

France

A

Establishes Academy of Sciences (welcomes scientist)

20
Q

Leeuwenhoek

A

Observes bacteria through microscope (understanding diseases)

21
Q

Newton

A

Publishes law of gravity

22
Q

Fahrenheit

A

Invents mercury thermometer

23
Q

Reason

A

Enlightenment thinkers believe truth can be discovered through reason and logic

24
Q

Nature

A

What was good was natural and reasonable. Just as in natural laws in motion, there were laws in economics and politics.

25
Q

Happiness

A

One who lives by natures laws were truly happy

26
Q

Progress

A

They believe in progress

27
Q

Liberty

A

They believed in the freedoms as gained with the English Bill of Rights

28
Q

Creation Questions

A

How was the world created?

Why was the world created?

29
Q

Government Questions

A

How should we be governed?

30
Q

Purpose Questions

A

What is the purpose of the individual?

How should we live our lives?

31
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

Social Contract

English

32
Q

Social Contract

A

You agree to give up freedom to benefit the group

33
Q

John Locke

A

Natural Rights
Empiricism
English

34
Q

John Locke: Empiricism

A

Knowledge pertaining to the senses

Tabula Rosa

35
Q

Tabula Rosa

A

Essay concerning human understanding

36
Q

John Locke: Natural Rights

A

He believed it was the government right to protect the peoples 3 Natural Rights which were Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Property

37
Q

Voltaire

A

The Man
Believed in individual freedom
He was Deist
French

38
Q

Montesquieu

A

Separation of power (branches of government: Legislative and Judgitive)
French

39
Q

Rousseau

A

Social Contract
Believes civilization and rationalism are destructive
Believes in human rights
French

40
Q

Beccaria

A

Justice system

French

41
Q

Deist

A

God doesn’t control everyday life, he just set the world into motion

42
Q

Legislative/Judgitive branchs

A

makes laws but can be vetoed by the president but if the whole legislative agrees, they can veto him

AP Euro (5 decks)

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