Age of Exploration Flashcards

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1
Q

Middle Passage

A

The trip slaves took from Africa to the New World (Vernacular slave trade)

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2
Q

Sugar and Slavery

A
  • 1518 Transatlantic Slave trade begins
  • Dutch West India Company
  • 1660-1698 England get involved with the Royal African Company
  • Middle Passage: The trip slaves took from Africa to the New World (Vernacular slave trade)Be able to describe
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3
Q

French

A
  • Least racist (if a french slave was impregnated then that child would go back to france and be educated)
  • Established trade with the Indians
  • Mostly Canada and inland on down the Mississippi to New Orleans
  • Have north and below of New World
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4
Q

English

A

-Many English settlements were for religious purposes
Jamestown
-Roanoke (first settlement)
-Massachusetts Bay
-If a english slave was impregnated then that child would remain a slave
-Have east coast of New World

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5
Q

Encomienda System

A

Empowers conquerors the right to employ groups of Native Americans as laborers or demand tribute.

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6
Q

Spain

A

-Treaty of Tordesillas
-Famous Explorers
-Columbus
-Magellan
-Spanish Conquest: They conquered:
-Mexica (aztecs)
-Incas
-Most racist
-Viceroyalties
-Mexico
-Peur
Encomienda System

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7
Q

Portugal

A
  • Location was ideal for Portugal
  • Prince Henry
  • Objectives for portugal
    - Military
    - Muslims conquest
    - Get rich
  • Portuguese Explorers
    - Bartholomew Diaz- founded Cape of Good Hope located in south africa
    - Vasco de Gama- Reached India
  • Focused their efforts in Africa and Asia
  • 1500 they founded Brazil
  • Treaty of Tordesillas
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8
Q

Treaty of Tordesillas

A

Spain and Portugal agrees to divide up the new found land by putting a imaginary line through them and Spain can have everything west and Portugal can have everything east

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9
Q

Genoese and Venetian

A
  • They were the only Europeans involved with trade early on
  • Asian and Middle Eastern goods were far more valuable
  • Were the first to have interest in exploring the Western Atlantic
  • Helped the Iberian Monarchs set up sugar plantations
  • Helped finance colonization of The New World
  • Helped established slavery
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10
Q

Ottoman And Empires

A
  • They were the two dominant empires in the middle east
  • MIddle east was the center of trade between the 3 continents
  • The Ottomans captured Constantinople in 1453 renaming it Istanbul.
  • By the 16th century, the Ottomans controlled trade in the Eastern Mediterranean, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and the rest of the north Africa.
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11
Q

Trading States of Africa

A
  • Cairo was the center of Islamic learning
  • On east coast of Africa trade was booming trading ivory, Rhinoceros horn, slaves, spices, etc. and other goods from Asia
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12
Q

Indian Ocean Trade World

A
  • Port of Malacca
  • Silk, dyes, opium, copper, etc.
  • Marco Polo
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13
Q

What similarities did spain and Portugal play in Exploration, and what role did the Reconquista play?

A

Both Spain and Portugal looked to their monarchs for financial support and encouragement for their voyages and both were religious. After the Reconquista many young men turned toward the sea to seek their fortunes. The Reconquista

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14
Q

How did the Fall of Constantinople impact the slave trade?

A

Halted the flow of white slaves from the eastern Mediterranean to western Europe. Made them look for all water trade routes. Forced portugals to find other sources of slavery.

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15
Q

What role did African villages leaders play in the slave trade?

A

African Americans sold their prisoners of war and others to the portuguese.

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16
Q

How did slavery impact the sugar market?

A

Slaves were used to make/harvest the sugar.

17
Q

Similarities and differences in European economic practices following the discovery of the New world to the Columbian Exchange?

A

Similarities: Trade between slaves between Europe and Africa, need for slavery grew, europeans didn’t like changing their diets o they continued to grow the same food. Differences: Need for slavery, disease spread world wide, new crops, Imperialism (colonisation), creates Global Market.

18
Q

Why did exploration lead to Global Market?

A

Trade between International Countries. People were discovering new lands and their were different and new resources and spices and wanted to trade with other countries. Columbian Exchange. Finding all these new routes which made the world seem smaller.

19
Q

What role did the Dutch East India company play in this concept?

A

First Global trading company or first corroporation.

20
Q

How did the following events play a role in european expansion?
Crusades-

A

It created a desire for Europe to trade for things they could not get in Europe.

21
Q

How did the following events play a role in european expansion?
Black Death-

A

Increase in population following the Black Death and a demand for jobs and population got wealthier because of the loss of working population and others taking their jobs.

22
Q

How did the following events play a role in european expansion?
Fall of Constantinople-

A

The ottomans blocked trade routes and made Europeans go to sea and made them go to sea to search for all water routes

23
Q

Conquistador

A

A conqueror, especially one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century.

24
Q

Caravel

A

Is a small, highly maneuverable sailing ship developed in the 15th century by the Portuguese to explore along the West African coast and into the Atlantic Ocean. The lateen sails gave her speed and the capacity for sailing to windward

25
Q

viceroyalties

A

a territory governed by a viceroy.