Chapter 23

Question 1

Red Shirts

Answer 1

Garibaldi’s army who invaded Sicily (1860) in an attempt to liberate Sicily

Question 2

Homestead Acts

Answer 2

An american law enacted during the Civil War that gave western land to settlers, reinforcing the concept of free labor in a market economy

Question 3

Crimean War

Answer 3

A conflict (1853-1856) over Russian desire to expand into Ottoman Territory; Russia was defeated by France and Ottomans

Question 4

Zionism

Answer 4

A movement dedicated to building a Jewish national homeland in Palestine, started by Theodor Herzal

Question 5

Bloody Sunday

Answer 5

Massacre of peaceful protesters at the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg 1905, triggering a revolution that overturned absolute tsarist rule and made Russia into a conservative constitutional monarchy

Question 6

October Manifesto

Answer 6

A decree that granted full civil rights and promised a popularly elected parliament with real legislative power

Question 7

Reichstag

Answer 7

The popularly elected lower house of government of the new German Empire after 1871

Question 8

Kulturkampf

Answer 8

Bismarck’s attack on the Catholic Church within Germany (1870-1878), resulting from Pius ix’s declaration of papal infallibility

Question 9

Dreyfus Affair

Answer 9

A case in which Alfred Dreyfus was falsely accused and convicted of treason

Question 10

People’s Budget

Answer 10

A bill proposed after the Liberal Party came to power in Britain (1906), it was designed to increase spending on social welfare services

Question 11

Revisionism

Answer 11

An effort by moderate socialist to update Marxist doctrine to reflect the realities of the time

Question 12

Duma

Answer 12

Russian parliament

Question 13

Tanzimat

Answer 13

A set of reforms designed to remake the Ottoman Empire on a Western European model

Question 14

Young Turks

Answer 14

Fervent patriots who seized power in a 1908 coup in the Ottoman Empire, forcing the conservative sultan to implement reforms

Question 15

U.S. problems during this time

Answer 15

Civil War, Slavery, and needed more immigrants

Question 16

Franco-Prussian War

Answer 16

Bismarck saw war with France would give him germany; patriotic feeling in german empire and the unified nation became most powerful in europe

Question 17

Prussian-Austrian attack

Answer 17

Caused by clashing nationalists and a threat to international balance of power so peace treaty is signed

Question 18

German Socialist Democratic Party

Answer 18

Working class 1870’s, Marxisms who didn’t want revolution but still wanted reformers

Question 19

Italian Unification

Answer 19

North and South joined politically but not socially

Question 20

Otto von Bismarck

Answer 20

Ruled prussia, reorganized army, wanted control, lead war against Russia and united Germany

Question 21

North German Confederation

Answer 21

Federation of 22 states and 30 million people

Question 22

Victor Emmanuel and Piedmont-Sardinia

Answer 22

United Italy and freed from foreign control

Question 23

Prussian Parliament

Answer 23

Called a Duma, collecting taxes, large liberal majorities, controlling Bismark, put Bismarck in monarchical power

Question 24

Ottoman Reformers

Answer 24

Based on modernization

Question 25

Great Reforms of Russia

Answer 25

Alexander ii, 1861 emancipation of serfs, education made public, judicial system, military, no pre-censor-ship

Question 26

English Welfare Systems

Answer 26

People’s budget, raise taxes on rich