enlightenment and revolutions quiz

Question 1

what were the series of revolutions called

Answer 1

the atlantic revolutions

Question 2

Colonial subjects in the Americas led a series of rebellions inspired by

Answer 2

decocratic ideals

Question 3

what was: its successful establishment of a republic, the United States of America, was a model and inspiration for a number of the revolutions that followed

Answer 3

american revolution

Question 4

what movements facilitated the emergence of independent states in the Americas.

Answer 4

The American Revolution, the Haitian Revolution, and the Latin American independence movements

Question 5

The ideas of Enlightenment philosophers, influenced

Answer 5

esistance to existing political authority, often in pursuit of independence and democratic ideals.

Question 6

Reflected in revolutionary documents including:

Answer 6

The American Declaration of Independence during the American Revolution
The French “Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen” during the French Revolution
Bolívar’s “Letter from Jamaica” on the eve of the Latin American revolutions

Question 7

Atlantic Basin

Answer 7

The World Center of intellectual and cultural exchange

Question 8

Shared a set of common ideas:

Answer 8

Ideas animating the Atlantic revolutions Derived from the European Enlightenment

Question 9

Launched via the “Declaration of Independence” in 1776

Answer 9

amercian revolution

Question 10

what was the movement of the american revolution ment to do

Answer 10

It was a movement to preserve the existing liberties of the colonies rather than create new ones.

Question 11

wahat things caused the americns to start their revoltution

Answer 11

Britain needed money after its war with France which ran up their national debt
British authorities looked to make up these losses in the American colonies through the use of taxes and tariffs
Britain was exercising its imperial power without offering the American colonies representation in the British parliament
American colonists were upset & armed with ideas of the Enlightenment (popular sovereignty, natural rights, consent of the governed) – they went to war
By 1781 they had prevailed with help from the French (who were ironically still a monarchy themselves)

Question 12

causes for french revolution

Answer 12

French soldiers returned from assisting America full of republican enthusiasm
France was also bankrupt from assisting the Americans in their war against Britain
King Louis XVI (not to be confused with Louis XIV – the Sun King) – knew there needed to be tax reform so he called the Estates General which contained representatives from the three “estates” or legal orders
Three estates = the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners
First two estates = 2% of the population, everyone else fell into the “commoners” category

Question 13

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

meaning

Answer 13

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen which declared that “men are born and remain free and equal in rights.”

Question 14

what drove the french revolution

Answer 14

sharp conflic in society

Question 15

what was the resaults from the causes for the french revolution

Answer 15

These gave the French Revolution a much more violent, far-fetching, and radical character than the American Revolution

Question 16

reign of terror

Answer 16

Tens of thousands deemed enemies of the revolution lost their lives on the guillotine
Eventually Robespierre himself was arrested and guillotined, accused of leading France into tyranny and dictatorship

Question 17

diff in french rev to american rev

Answer 17

French Revolution also differed from the American Revolution in the way its influence spread
U.S. became a world power at the end of the 19th century
France spread through conquest under the leadership of Napoleon Bonaparte (1799-1814)
Napoleon is credited with taming the revolution
Napoleon preserved many of the more moderate elements such as civil equality, secular law code, religious freedom, and promotion by merit
He kept the revolution’s emphasis on social equality but dispensed with liberty
Created Europe’s largest empire seen since the Roman Empire
Napoleon was eventually brought down by resistance from Russia and Britain

Question 18

what was wanted by different poeple in the haitian revolution

Answer 18

Principles of the revolution meant different things to different people:
grand blancs (rich white landowners) wanted greater autonomy for the colony and fewer economic restrictions
petits blancs sought equality of citizenship for all whites
Both groups were adamantly opposed to the insistence of free people of color that the “rights of man” meant equal treatment for all free people regardless of race

Question 19

what was the cause of the haintian revolution

Answer 19

In 1791, triggered by rumors that the French king had already declared an end to slavery, slaves burned 1,000 plantations and killed hundreds of whites as well as mixed-race people
Warring factions of slaves, whites, and free people of color battled one another
Slaves were led by Toussaint Louverture – himself a former slave
TL and his successor overcame internal resistance and defeated an attempt by Napoleon to reestablish French control

Question 20

what shaped the latin american revolutions

Answer 20

Revolutions were shaped by events in North America, France, and Haiti

Question 21

what was the cause for latin american revolutions

Answer 21

Revolution occurred after North American revolutions b/c settlers in Spanish colonies had no tradition of self-government such as that in North America
Society was far more divided by class
Whites were outnumbered by Native Americans, people of African descent, and those of mixed race
All of this inhibited the growth of a movement for independence
Instability caused by Napoleon’s invasion of Spain and Portugal forced Latin Americans to take action (Spanish king was deposed and the Portuguese royal family was exiled in Brazil)

Question 22

why did the latin amrican revoltions take so long

Answer 22

Revolutions lasted twice as long because Latin American societies were so divided by class, race, and religion.