ENHANCEMENT CLASS LEC: URINE AND OTHER BODY FLUID Flashcards
A liquid tissue biopsy of the urinary tract
URINE
Painlessly obtained (EASY)
URINE
Yields a great deal of information quickly and economically
URINE
Tests need to be carefully performed and properly controlled
URINE
Kidney receives :
25% of total cardiac output
Total renal blood flow:
1200 ml/min
Total renal plasma flow:
600-700 ml/min
URINE consist of _____and other organic (35%) and inorganic (25g)
urea
Urine is normally _________
95% water and 5% solutes
is the metabolic waste product produced in the liver from the breakdown of protein and amino acids
UREA
Other organic substances of urine:
CREATININE
URIC ACID
MAJOR INORGANIC substances of urine:
CHLORIDE
The major inorganic solid dissolved in urine
CHLORIDE
OTHER INORGANIC SUBSTANCES OF URINE
SODIUM
POTASSIUM
Other substances found in urine include
hormones, vitamins and medications.
URINE MAY ALSO CONTAIN FORMED ELEMENTS :
cells, casts, crystals, mucus and bacteria (increase amount is often indicative of disease)
____ is major body constituent
Water
main determinant of urine volume
Water
Normal range of urine (24hrs)
600-2000 mL
Average range of urine (24hrs)
1200-1500 mL
Night urine generally is not in excess of ______.
400 mL
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE URINE VOLUME:
fluid intake
fluid loss
variations in secretions of ADH
Decrease urine output
<400 mL/day
Causes: Dehydration
OLIGURIA
Increase in daily urine volume
>2.5/day in adults
>2.5-3 mL/kg/day in children
Causes: DM, DI, DIURETICS
POLYURIA
Complete CESSATION of urine flow
<100 mL/24hrs
Causes: serious damage to the kidneys
ANURIA