EngLit

Question 1

When did pre-Romanticism start?

Answer 1

1790s - Coleridge and Wordsworth

Question 2

What was the cult of Celtic folklore and myth called?

Answer 2

Ossianism
Ossian - a bard

Question 3

What did Coleridge and Wordsworth write together?

Answer 3

Lyrical Ballads
= contrast
(does X doesn’t concentrate on a single moment)

Question 4

What does pantheism mean?

Answer 4

personifying nature, everything in nature is alive (and God) → source of happiness

Question 5

Who was considered the Scottish national poet?

Answer 5

Robert Burns
collected songs and poems

Question 6

Who had visions all his life?

Answer 6

William Blake

Question 7

What were the ideas of the youngest Romanticists?

Answer 7

freedom, beauty and love, social/political justice

Question 8

Who wrote Cain: A Mystery?

Answer 8

Byron
Cain considered the first true revolutionary

Question 9

Who was convicted that the world, nature and man are developing to higher forms?

Answer 9

Shelley

Question 10

What aimed to create a beautiful world of imagination? + author

Answer 10

aestheticism
Keats

Question 11

What genre did Romantic fiction use?

Answer 11

the novel of manners
- concern over oppresive burgeois values

Question 12

Why is Jane Austen unique?

Answer 12

she bridges the gap between 18th and 19th century
- anti-romantic - love’s disruptive nature

Question 13

Who sacrified quality to quantity? (wrote about patriotism, joy of battle)

Answer 13

Walter Scott

Question 14

What rule does Gothic Novel resist?

Answer 14

the rule of reason
- subconscious, socially defiant

Question 15

What paralels can be found in Frankenstein?

Answer 15

Prometheus X modern experiment
Monster X Adam
- lonely artificial man

Question 16

What was the dominant form during The Victorian Age? + period

Answer 16

realist novel
(1830 - 1880)

Question 17

Between what did Dickens oscillate?

Answer 17

between realism and the grotesque

Question 18

Who wrote about how the government work and how political power changes people?

Answer 18

Anthony Trollope

Question 19

Who wrote in the nonsense genre?

Answer 19

Lewis Carrol and Edward Lear

Question 20

The three Brontë sisters?

Answer 20

Anne (youngest)
Charlotte - Jane Eyre
Emily - Wuthering Heights

Question 21

Who was a moral novelist?

Answer 21

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)
- unconventional life

Question 22

Who was the spokesperson of Victorian Poetry?

Answer 22

Alfred Tennyson
- used myth as a means of exploring moral issues

Question 23

What were the features of modern poetry and who used it?

Answer 23

Robert Browning
- anti-romantic
- slangy and informal language
- complex expressions, little-known words
- self-mockery

Question 24

A poet held in the highest critical esteem (Victorian Poetry)?

Answer 24

Elizabeth Browning

Question 25

Who spread the artistic into the everyday?

Answer 25

William Morris
- beautifying wall-paper, book-binding, printing, painting

Question 26

Who was the most accomplished of the pre-Raphaelites?

Answer 26

Christina Rossetti
- preaches Christian morality

Question 27

How do we call the preoccupation with the end of the century phase?

Answer 27

phase fin de siecle
(Late Victorian Literature)

Question 28

Who preached Art for Art’s sake?

Answer 28

Walter Pater
- it’s one’s duty to cultivate pleasure in natural and created beauty

Question 29

What was the new rhytmical system in Late Victorian Poetry and who created it?

Answer 29

Gerard Hopkins
- a sprung system (similar to Old English Literature)

Question 30

Who was behind the Irish Literary Revival?

Answer 30

William Yeats

Question 31

Who had a great impact on English theatre?

Answer 31

Henrik Ibsen
- shocked the audience

Question 32

What was the crude kind of drama?

Answer 32

• played in large theatres
• only the most grotesque facial expressions could be seen and the loudest speeches could be heard
• mostly melodramas

Question 33

What did Shaw try to do with his plays?

Answer 33

• tried to make audiences examine their conscience and conventional beliefs
  (problem plays - prostitution etc.)

Question 34

What did Late Victorian Fiction focus on?

Answer 34

• fictional romances

Question 35

How did Hardy and James depart from the Victorian fiction?

Answer 35

• characters strive to get reintegrated within the society
• they became alienated and never reintegrated

Question 36

Who wrote psychological realism?

Answer 36

Henry James

Question 37

Who wrote romance directed at the future?

Answer 37

H. G. Wells
- apocalyptic and pessimistic fiction