EngLit Flashcards

1
Q

When did pre-Romanticism start?

A

1790s - Coleridge and Wordsworth

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2
Q

What was the cult of Celtic folklore and myth called?

A

Ossianism
Ossian - a bard

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3
Q

What did Coleridge and Wordsworth write together?

A

Lyrical Ballads
= contrast
(does X doesn’t concentrate on a single moment)

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4
Q

What does pantheism mean?

A

personifying nature, everything in nature is alive (and God) → source of happiness

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5
Q

Who was considered the Scottish national poet?

A

Robert Burns
collected songs and poems

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6
Q

Who had visions all his life?

A

William Blake

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7
Q

What were the ideas of the youngest Romanticists?

A

freedom, beauty and love, social/political justice

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8
Q

Who wrote Cain: A Mystery?

A

Byron
Cain considered the first true revolutionary

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9
Q

Who was convicted that the world, nature and man are developing to higher forms?

A

Shelley

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10
Q

What aimed to create a beautiful world of imagination? + author

A

aestheticism
Keats

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11
Q

What genre did Romantic fiction use?

A

the novel of manners
- concern over oppresive burgeois values

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12
Q

Why is Jane Austen unique?

A

she bridges the gap between 18th and 19th century
- anti-romantic - love’s disruptive nature

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13
Q

Who sacrified quality to quantity? (wrote about patriotism, joy of battle)

A

Walter Scott

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14
Q

What rule does Gothic Novel resist?

A

the rule of reason
- subconscious, socially defiant

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15
Q

What paralels can be found in Frankenstein?

A

Prometheus X modern experiment
Monster X Adam
- lonely artificial man

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16
Q

What was the dominant form during The Victorian Age? + period

A

realist novel
(1830 - 1880)

17
Q

Between what did Dickens oscillate?

A

between realism and the grotesque

18
Q

Who wrote about how the government work and how political power changes people?

A

Anthony Trollope

19
Q

Who wrote in the nonsense genre?

A

Lewis Carrol and Edward Lear

20
Q

The three Brontë sisters?

A

Anne (youngest)
Charlotte - Jane Eyre
Emily - Wuthering Heights

21
Q

Who was a moral novelist?

A

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)
- unconventional life

22
Q

Who was the spokesperson of Victorian Poetry?

A

Alfred Tennyson
- used myth as a means of exploring moral issues

23
Q

What were the features of modern poetry and who used it?

A

Robert Browning
- anti-romantic
- slangy and informal language
- complex expressions, little-known words
- self-mockery

24
Q

A poet held in the highest critical esteem (Victorian Poetry)?

A

Elizabeth Browning

25
Who spread the artistic into the everyday?
William Morris - beautifying wall-paper, book-binding, printing, painting
26
Who was the most accomplished of the pre-Raphaelites?
Christina Rossetti - preaches Christian morality
27
How do we call the preoccupation with the end of the century phase?
phase fin de siecle (Late Victorian Literature)
28
Who preached Art for Art's sake?
Walter Pater - it's one's duty to cultivate pleasure in natural and created beauty
29
What was the new rhytmical system in Late Victorian Poetry and who created it?
Gerard Hopkins - a sprung system (similar to Old English Literature)
30
Who was behind the Irish Literary Revival?
William Yeats
31
Who had a great impact on English theatre?
Henrik Ibsen - shocked the audience
32
What was the crude kind of drama?
- played in large theatres - only the most grotesque facial expressions could be seen and the loudest speeches could be heard - mostly melodramas
33
What did Shaw try to do with his plays?
- tried to make audiences examine their conscience and conventional beliefs (problem plays - prostitution etc.)
34
What did Late Victorian Fiction focus on?
- fictional romances
35
How did Hardy and James depart from the Victorian fiction?
- characters strive to get reintegrated within the society - they became alienated and never reintegrated
36
Who wrote psychological realism?
Henry James
37
Who wrote romance directed at the future?
H. G. Wells - apocalyptic and pessimistic fiction