English Revolution Flashcards
Who was king at the time of the English Revolution?
King Charles
When did King Charles become King?
1625
How was religion a cause of the English Revolution? (4)
Strong anti-Catholic feeling in England
Charles had Catholic wife Henrietta Maria
Appointed William Laud (Catholic) as Archbishop of Canterbury
Believed in Divine Right of aKings
How was government a cause of the English Revolution? (4)
Ruled from 1629-1640 without calling parliament (dissolved)
Parliament tried to introduce the petition of right in 1628
Charles tried arrest leading MPs- ready for a fight
Lots of MPs were puritans- didn’t like William Laud’s changes/didn’t trust him
How was money a cause of the English Revolution? (2)
1640- Charles forced to recall parliament to raise taxes to fight disterous wars in Scotland- prayer book
Ship Money-Charles asked for it continuously- was also raised without permission
What did Oliver Cromwell do to oppose the king?
New Model Army- well trained and disciplined. Thought they had God on their side
When did did King Charles lose the Civil War? What two things happened as a consequence?
- Jan 1649
- King was executed and England declared a commonwealth
Who ruled England between 1649-1660? (after King Charles died)
Transitioned three times:
- Rump Parliament
- Cromwell
- Army
What did the Rump Parliament fail to do? What did Cromwell do as a consequence?
The Rump Parliament failed to created a new constitution
Cromwell delayed himself as Lord Protector in 1653
How was Cromwell a military dictator? (3)
Promised a stable and fair rule yet he;
- Appointed Major Generals to districts he created and kept strict control e.g no Christmas celebrations
- Killed leaders of religious group Llevellers
- Land taken from Catholics in Ireland and given to Protestants
How was Cromwell seen as a good leader? (4)
- Said people could worship as they liked at first- Cromwell was on their side
- Won wars against Spanish- England’s reputation restored
- Navigation Act 1651-ships coming in and out had to be British
- ‘Father of Democracy’ (destroyed king’s power)
What were the short term impacts of the English Revolution? (3)
- Cromwell became very unpopular as he was a strict puritan
- After his death in 1660 monarchy was restored
- Charles II king (Restoration)
When did Charles II become King?
1660
What were the long term impacts of the English Revolution? (3/4)
- James I (Charles II brother) openly Catholic- Protestant parliament members take action
- Parliament met more regularly and had joint control over making laws and the army
- no British monarchy could be Catholic (to date)
- 1668 William Orange and Wife invited to be monarchs and had to accept Bill of Rights- James left without fight
