English & Language Usage

Question 1

Adjective

Answer 1

A descriptive word that modifies a noun or pronoun

Question 2

Adverb

Answer 2

A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb and indicates WHEN, HOW, WHERE, WHY, or HOW MUCH; the ending -ly is commonly remembered

Question 3

Article

Answer 3

A word that is used to limit a noun, either indefinite (a & an) or definite (the)

Question 4

Clause

Answer 4

A group of words that are related and contain both a subject and a verb

Question 5

Direct object

Answer 5

The noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb and answers the question whom, or what

Question 6

Noun

Answer 6

A word for a person, place, or thing

Question 7

Object of the preposition

Answer 7

The noun, pronoun, phrase, or clause to which the preposition refers

Question 8

Phrase

Answer 8

A group of words that are related but do not contain a verb and a subject together

Question 9

Possessive pronoun

Answer 9

A pronoun used to indicate ownership

Question 10

Preposition

Answer 10

A word such as BY, AT, TO, or FROM that gives additional info, usually in relationship to something else in the sentence

Question 11

Pronoun

Answer 11

A word that replaces and refers to a noun

Question 12

Subject

Answer 12

A noun or pronoun that performs the action of the verb. If a sentence contains a verb of being or a linking verb such as BE, FEEL, BECOME, or LOOK, the subject of the sentence is the noun or pronoun being described

Question 13

Verb

Answer 13

A word that shows an action or a state of being

Question 14

What is a prepositional phrase usually composed of?

Answer 14

A preposition, an article, and an object of the preposition, with modifiers added sometimes as well

Question 15

A way to identify some prepositions (mnemonic about a box)

Answer 15

The boy can sit ON the box, BY the box, ABOVE the box, BELOW the box, AROUND the box, or NEAR the box; this doesn’t allow for TO and FROM, which are two of the most common prepositions

Question 16

What does a possessive pronoun automatically show?

Answer 16

Possession (yours, mine, ours)

Question 17

Common possessive pronouns in the 1st person

Answer 17

Singular = mine, my; Plural = our, ours

Question 18

Common possessive pronouns in the 3rd person

Answer 18

Singular = her, hers, his, its; Plural = their, theirs

Question 19

Common possessive pronouns in the 2nd person

Answer 19

Singular = your, yours; Plural = your, yours

Question 20

Antecedent

Answer 20

The noun that a pronoun refers back to

Question 21

Gendered language

Answer 21

Language that specifies male or female gender using words such as HE or SHE

Question 22

Coordinating conjunctions

Answer 22

Words that join two or more words, phrases, or clauses so that each conjoined element is equal

Question 23

What are the coordinating conjunctions?

Answer 23

for, and, nor, but, or, yet, & so (FANBOYS)

Question 24

Subordinating conjunction

Answer 24

A word that joins two or more clauses & makes the clause that contains it dependent on another clause; therefore, the clause that contains the subordinating conjunction is of less importance

Question 25

What are some common subordinating conjunctions?

Answer 25

because, though, although, as, as if, when, & while

Question 26

Nominalization

Answer 26

The making of a noun from a verb, adverb, or adjective

Question 27

Active verbs

Answer 27

Verbs that show an action performed by the subject of the sentence

Question 28

Passive verbs

Answer 28

Comprised of BE plus a past particle that shifts the action of a sentence from the subject to the object of the sentence

Question 29

Make this sentence passive: The dog chewed the bone.

Answer 29

The bone was chewed by the dog. - The action is moved from the subject of the sentence, the dog, to the direct object of the sentence, the bone; The subject of the original sentence now performs the verb on the subject, in other words

Question 30

Passive voice

Answer 30

State of a sentence that contains a passive verb

Question 31

What choices does a writer have when constructing a sentence?

Answer 31

Active or passive verb, syntax (word order), modifiers, word choice (diction), and punctuation

Question 32

Context clues

Answer 32

Words surrounding an unfamiliar word that can help in discerning the meaning of the unfamiliar word

Question 33

Simple sentence

Answer 33

Contains only one independent clause and no dependent clauses

Question 34

Periodic sentence

Answer 34

Independent clause is delayed until the end of the sentence and is often preceded by parallel strings of modifiers

Question 35

Compound sentence

Answer 35

Two (or more) independent clauses joined together with a coordinating conjunction

Question 36

Complex sentence

Answer 36

Sentence that contains an independent clause and a dependent clause

Question 37

Cumulative sentence

Answer 37

Also known as a loose sentence; contains an independent clause followed by a parallel string of modifiers; modifiers may be adjectives, prepositional phrases, or dependent clauses