English III Honors- Ms. Ryan

Question 1

what is puritan plain style?

Answer 1

• it reflected the plain style of the puritans
• they were simple, straightforward
• there were short words, direct statements, and references to ordinary objects
• they believed that writing should serve God an dis only useful for religious ideas
• writing about emotions was viewed as dangerous.

Question 2

historical background of native americans?

Answer 2

• by 1492, north america population by several hundred native american tribes
• european explorers came into contact with them at different times over the years.

Question 3

what did the native americans have in their culture?

Answer 3

• no written story exists
• artifacts, songs, legends, and myths
• agriculture and woodcraft: maize, beans, squash, maple sugar, snowshoes, toboggans, and birch bark canoes

Question 4

native american literary tradition?

Answer 4

• diverse body of literature
• song lyrics, hero tales, migration legends, and accounts of creation
• oral tradition
• natural world/world of the spirit

Question 5

what were origin myths?

Answer 5

• myths and traditional stories explaining how life began
• passed down from generation to generation
• myths explain phenomena, including: customs, intuition, religious rites, natural landmarks, and events beyond people’s control.

Question 6

What is an apostrophe?

Answer 6

• a figure of speech in which a speaker directly addresses a person who is dead or not physically present, a personified object, or nonhuman thing, or an abstract quality or idea.
• this is used in “Huswifery” by Edward Taylor

Question 7

What is a conceit?

Answer 7

• an elaborate comparison between two very different subject (extended metaphor)
• like a simile and a metaphor combined
• childbirth is like a nail driven through your foot.

Question 8

what was the Great Awakening?

Answer 8

• a series of evangelical religious revival movements swept across colonial America during the 18th century.
• these movements were characterized by emotional religious conversions from a state of sin to a “new birth” and by dramatic and powerful preaching.
• it also marked a new effort by European colonialists to reach out to Native Americans and African Americans.

Question 9

What is a paradox?

Answer 9

• a self contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to have some truth

Question 10

Hyperbole

Answer 10

exaggerated statements

- im so hungry, I could eat a horse

Question 11

Imagery (sensory language)

Answer 11

visually descriptive or figurative language

Question 12

metaphor

Answer 12

a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action
- its raining cats and dogs

Question 13

simile

Answer 13

• a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind (as brave as a lion)
• life is like a box of chocolates

Question 14

Symbol

Answer 14

• a mark or character used as a conventional representation of an object, function, or process

Question 15

What is the age of reason (enlightenment)?

Answer 15

18th century
- valued reason over faith
-

Question 16

What are the different modes of persuasion

Answer 16

• ethos (ethical appeal)
• pathos (emotional appeal)
• logos (logical appeal)

Question 17

Logos

Answer 17

• refers to the internal consistency of the message– the clarity of the claim, the logic of its reasons and the effectiveness of its supporting evidence.

Question 18

Pathos

Answer 18

• (greek for suffering or experience)
• often associated with the emotional appeal
• a better equivalent might be to appeal to the audience’s sympathies and imagination
• an appeal to pathos causes an audience not just to respond emotionally but to identify with the writer’s point of view– to feel what the writer feels.

Question 19

Ethos

Answer 19

• (Greek for character)
• refers to trustworthiness or credibility of the writer or speaker.
• often conveyed through tone and style of the message and through the way the writer or speaker refers to differing views
• it can be affected by the writer’s reputation as it exists independently from the message– his or her expertise in the fields, his or her previous record or integrity

Question 20

aphorism

Answer 20

• short sayings that convey a message

Question 21

slave narrative

Answer 21

• an account told by a former slave about their experience

Question 22

firsthand account

Answer 22

• an account that comes directly from the person who experienced it

Question 23

heroic couplet

Answer 23

• two lines written in iambic pentameter

Question 24

allusion

Answer 24

• and indirect or passing reference

- mentioning something else without going into detail of what it is.

Question 25

rhetorical question

Answer 25

• expressed in terms intended to persuade or impress

- a question that is asking the obvious but is just used for persuasion purposes.

Question 26

parallelism

Answer 26

• the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or pose which correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning
• repetition of the same grammatical structure in two or more sentences

Question 27

Romanticism

Answer 27

• a movement in arts and literature that originated in the 19th century
• writers elevated the imagination over reason and intuition over fact

Question 28

characteristics of romanticism

Answer 28

• values feelings and intuition over reason
• places faith in inner experience and the power of imagination
• shuns the artificiality of civilization and seeks unspoiled nature
• champions individual freedom and the worth of the individual
• contemplates nature’s beauty as a path to spiritual and moral development
• looks backward to the wisdom of the past and distrusts progress
• finds beauty and truth in exotic locals, the supernatural realm, and the inner world of the imagination
• finds inspiration in myth and legend

Question 29

gothic literature

Answer 29

• a literary genre that began in england in the late 1700s

Question 30

where does the word “gothic” come from

Answer 30

• it comes from architecture and it was used to describe castles and cathedrals.

Question 31

what are characteristics of gothic literature

Answer 31

• bleak or remote settings
• morbid or violent incidents
• characters in psychological and/ or physical torment
• supernatural or otherworldly elements
• strong, ominous language

Question 32

rhyme

Answer 32

• correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used the the ends of lines of poetry

Question 33

alliteration

Answer 33

the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words
- sally sold seashells…

Question 34

Assonance

Answer 34

• the repetition of the sound of a vowel in non-rhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible
• penitence, reticence

Question 35

Consonance

Answer 35

• the recurrence of similar consonant sounds in close proximity
• discreet, shut

Question 36

transcendentalism

Answer 36

• intellectual movement founded by ralph waldo emerson in the early 18th century
• human senses are limited; they convey knowledge of the physical world, but deeper truths can be grasped only through intuition. (people have knowledge of what goes beyond what they can hear, see, touch, etc)
• the observation of nature illuminates the nature of human beings
• God, nature, and humanity are united in a shared universal soul

Question 37

anecdote

Answer 37

a short, non-fiction story ab a person or incident

Question 38

restatement

Answer 38

used to emphasize or summarize and important point.

Question 39

“The Earth on Turtle’s Back”

Answer 39

• This talked about the woman having the dream and her dropping the earth into the water and the muskrat gets it. The animals worked together to create earth.
• this shows that they valued dreams, strength, determination, life, and working together
• they valued connections between human and nature
  they value women, elders, and knowledge

Question 40

“Navajo Origin Myth”

Answer 40

• about how the first man and the first woman was created.
• the corn represents life because it was a major part of their diet
• Mirage people walked around a pile of buckskin, corn and eagle feathers.

Question 41

“The Iroquois Constitution”

Answer 41

• this constitution lays out all of the values of the iroquois
• the purpose was to establish the government and system to govern the 5 nations.
• uses symbolism to show how close to nature they were
• believed that selfishness is one of the worst traits.

Question 42

“To my Dear and Loving Husband” by Anne Bradstreet

Answer 42

• about the strong love between husband and wife

- used inversions and paradox

Question 43

“Huswifery” by Edward Taylor

Answer 43

• he explores the connection between humanity and God
• Tried to convince people to be closer to God by using pathos
• Conceit of God being a cloth maker

Question 44

“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” by Jonathan Edward

Answer 44

• Powerful sermon meant to scare people into believing and following God.
• uses pathos, ethos and logos
• talks about hell and how important your relationship is with God.

Question 45

The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne

Answer 45

-explores the themes of sin and punishment

Question 46

Poor Richard’s Almanac- Benjamin Franklin

Answer 46

• aphorisms

- tried to achieve order

Question 47

“To His Excellency, General Washington” by Philis Wheatley

Answer 47

• praises washington for fighting and praises america by comparing here to a Goddess. conciet.

Question 48

“The Crisis, Number 1” Thomas Paine

Answer 48

• Written to boost morale for the soldiers in the revolutionary war
• Thomas Paine believes in the war effort and wants the soldiers to feel patriotic and invigorated
• uses the audience’s emotions to persuade them and has strong opinions
• allusions, personification, imagery

Question 49

“Speech in the Virginia Convention” Patrick Henry

Answer 49

• He explains why they need to start a war against Britain.
  he disagreed with the res of the attendees and stresses the importance of beginning the war before britain did.
  They have done everything like petition etc
• Parallelism, restatement, persuasion, repetition, rhetorical questions, allusions

Question 50

“Remember the Ladies” Abiagail Adams

Answer 50

• makes a plea to her husband samuel adams to remember the ladies when making the constitution.
• she is asking men to give up their control and ownership of their wives and daughters and give them freedom and autonomy

Question 51

“The Devil and Tom Walker” by Washington Irving

Answer 51

• hostile relationship with his wife

- devil asked tom to be a sla ve trader but he didn’t want to do it so instead he agreed to becoming a money lender.

Question 52

“The Raven”- Edgar Allen Poe

Answer 52

• the speaker is dealing with the death of lenore and the tone is dark and depressing
• the raven is a symbol fro his grief, persistent and constant
• the speaker is freaking out about the raven and wants it to leave

Question 53

“The Fall of the House of Usher”- Edgar Allen Poe

Answer 53

• he goes to the house and he believes that it has emotion and feelings
• the house is like usher’s mental state.

Question 54

“Thanatopsis”- Ralph Waldo Emerson

Answer 54

• positivitey in dealth
• connection to nature
• nature helps to accept their death.
• says you are not alone in death

Question 55

“Nature”- Ralph Waldo Emerson

Answer 55

• “Mean egotism” means the act of focusing on one’s self .

self reflection and personal growth.

Question 56

“Self-Reliance”- Ralph Waldo Emerson

Answer 56

• society is placing everyone as a whole

- he is saying be independent and unique