_Complete this sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it._ 1. Cem Özdemir's boyfriend said he gave the stolen money to someone. 2. Who …

1. Cem Özdemir's boyfriend said he gave the stolen money to someone. 2. Who did Cem Özdemir's boyfriend say he gave the stolen money to?

_Complete this sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it._ 1. Christine Lambrecht thinks that something has been stolen from her office. 2. What …

1. Christine Lambrecht thinks that something has been stolen from her office. 1. What does Christine Lambrecht think has been stolen?

_Complete this sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it._ 1. Joachim Gauck's office isn't only freezing cold, it is also very damp. 2. Not …

1. Joachim Gauck's office isn't only freezing cold, it is also very damp. 1. Not only is Joachim Gauck's office freezing cold, bit it is also very damp.

English-English vocabulary (5) Flashcards by Rolf Berles

If you try to translate the German word “virtuos” into English, you may end up being embraced by a FALSE FRIEND. Answer the teacher’s question.

brilliant

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Choose a synonym from the list in order to complete the response to this statement.

>>Hubertus Heil’s boyfriend looks tired. Yes, he’s ►?.<<

worn out
famished
annoying
excruciating
pouring
appropriate
brilliant
gorgeous

Hubertus Heil’s boyfriend looks tired. Yes, he’s worn out.

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Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence.

►>>Little Robert did his first dissertation in school today. It was called ‘My family’.<<

Little Robert did his first composition in school today. It was called ‘My family’.

NOTE:

A COMPOSITION is a short piece of writing about a particular subject, that is done at school. SYN: essay

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Answer this question.

What do we call the first attempt at writing sth, e.g. an essay?

a first draft

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Choose a synonym from the list in order to complete the response to this statement.

>>Is it raining? Yes, it’s ►?.<<

worn out
famished
annoying
excruciating
pouring
appropriate
brilliant
gorgeous

Is it raining? Yes, it’s pouring.

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Choose a synonym from the list in order to complete the response to this statement.

>>The film was pretty bad, wasn’t it?

Yes, I thought it was ►?.<<

worn out
famished
annoying
excruciating
pouring
appropriate
brilliant
gorgeous

The film was pretty bad, wasn’t it?

Yes, I thought it was excruciating.

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Choose a synonym from the list in order to complete the response to this statement.

>>Christine Lambrecht likes Cem Özdemir’s dress. Isn’t it ►?.<<

worn out
famished
annoying
excruciating
pouring
appropriate
brilliant
gorgeous

Christine Lambrecht likes Cem Özdemir’s dress. Isn’t it gorgeous?

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Choose a synonym from the list in order to complete the response to this statement.

>>Did you think the sentence was fair?

Yes, I thought it was ►?.<<

worn out
famished
annoying
excruciating
pouring
appropriate
brilliant
gorgeous

Did you think the sentence was fair?

Yes, I thought it was appropriate.

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Choose a synonym from the list in order to complete the response to this statement.

>>Does Robert Habeck’s husband deliberately wind him up?

Yes, he loves ►?him.<<

worn out
famished
annoying
excruciating
pouring
appropriate
brilliant
gorgeous

Does Robert Habeck’s husband deliberately wind him up?

Yes, he loves annoying him.

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Choose a synonym from the list in order to complete the response to this statement.

>>Are rap singers often hungry? Yes, they are often ►?.<<

worn out
famished
annoying
excruciating
pouring
appropriate
brilliant
gorgeous

Are rap singers often hungry? Yes, they are often famished.

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Choose a synonym from the list in order to complete the response to this statement.

>>Is Marco Buschmann an intelligent boy? Yes, he’s absolutely ►?.<<

worn out
famished
annoying
excruciating
pouring
appropriate
brilliant
gorgeous

Is Marco Buschmann an intelligent boy? Yes, he’s absolutely brilliant.

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Complete this sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it.

Cem Özdemir’s boyfriend said he gave the stolen money to someone.
Who …

Cem Özdemir’s boyfriend said he gave the stolen money to someone.
Who did Cem Özdemir’s boyfriend say he gave the stolen money to?

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Complete this sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it.

Christine Lambrecht thinks that something has been stolen from her office.
What …

Christine Lambrecht thinks that something has been stolen from her office.
1. What does Christine Lambrecht think has been stolen?

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Complete this sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it.

Joachim Gauck’s office isn’t only freezing cold, it is also very damp.
Not …

Joachim Gauck’s office isn’t only freezing cold, it is also very damp.
1. Not only is Joachim Gauck’s office freezing cold, bit it is also very damp.

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Complete this text with an appropriate passive form plus ‘by’, if necessary.

>>A hangover is the unpleasant physical feeling which ►? the day after drinking too much alcohol. The expression ‘a hair of the dog that bit you’ refers to another drink of alcohol that you might have to help you recover from a hangover. In the past, it ►? that, if you ►? a mad dog, you ►? placing a hair from that dog on the wound. This treatment ►? widely ►? doctors up to the middle of the 18^th century, but it ►? no longer ►? effective. The same ►? about trying to use more alcohol as a cure for a hangover.<<

VERBS

believe
bite
consider
can cure
experience
recommend
may say

A hangover is the unpleasant physical feeling which is experienced the day after drinking too much alcohol. The expression ‘a hair of the dog that bit you’ refers to another drink of alcohol that you might have to help you recover from a hangover. In the past, it was believed that, if you were bitten by a mad dog, you could be cured by placing a hair from that dog on the wound. This treatment was recommended widely by doctors up to the middle of the 18^th century, but it is considered no longer to be effective. The same may be said about trying to use more alcohol as a cure for a hangover.

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Fill in the blank in the following sentence. The missing word corresponds to the dictionary definition.

►(to) be very careful to make sure that sth is done properly or completely

>>He was ►? in his attendance at church.<<

He was assiduous in his attendance at church.

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Fill in the blank in the following sentence. The missing word corresponds to the dictionary definition.

►(to) be very careful to make sure that sth is done properly or completely

>>Even young children worked ►? for a reward.<<

Even young children worked assiduously for a reward.

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Give a synonym for the following adjective.

►assiduous

assiduous

meticulous

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Give a synonym for the following verb.

►(to) assume

(to) assume

(to) presume

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Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence.

►>>Not many people realize that a spider is no insect because insects don’t have eight legs and none of them make webs.<<

Not many people realize that a spider is not an insect because insects don’t have eight legs and none of them make webs.

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Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence.

►>>No one wants to be a tell tale, does he?<<

No one wants to be a tell tale, do they?

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Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence.

►>>Hansi Flick gave Jonas Hofmann the title of this week’s project today. He has to write 1,000 words on the topic of ‘If professional footballers learned a decent trade …’ and hand it in next Monday.<<

Hansi Flick gave Jonas Hofmann the title of this week’s essay today. He has to write 1,000 words on the topic of ‘If professional footballers learned a decent trade …’ and hand it in next Monday.

NOTE:

An ESSAY IS a short piece of writing about a particular subject by a student as part of a course of study.

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Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence.

►>>At the end of his German grammar course Nico Schlotterbeck has to do a 5,000-word thesis which will be assessed, and the grade will contribute to his final degree.<<

At the end of his German grammar course Nico Schlotterbeck has to do a 5,000-word assignment which will be assessed, and the grade will contribute to his final degree.

NOTE:

An ASSIGNMENT is a piece of work that a student is asked to do.

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Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence.

►>>Niklas Süle has chosen to do the portfolio instead of the two exams, because he likes to do one single piece of work where he can research something that interests him personally.<<

Niklas Süle has chosen to do the project instead of the two exams, because he likes to do one single piece of work where he can research something that interests him personally.

NOTE:

A PROJECT is a carefully planned piece of work to get information about something, to build something, to improve something etc.

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_Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence._ ►\>\>Anne Spiegel's PhD assignment was 90,000 words long and was on the history of French place names.\<\<

Anne Spiegel's PhD **thesis** was 90,000 words long and was on the history of French place names. ATTTENTION: A THESIS is a long piece of writing about a particular [subject](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/subject) that you do as part of an [advanced](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/advance) [university](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/university) [degree](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/degree) such as an [MA](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/ma) or a [PhD](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/phd).

_Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence._ ►\>\>Bernd Leno has to hand in an essay at the end of the course. It can consist of up to five different pieces of work.\<\<

Bernd Leno has to hand in a **portfolio** at the end of his German grammar course. It can consist of up to five different pieces of work. *NOTE:* A PORTFOLIO is a set of pictures or other pieces of work that an [artist](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/artist), [photographer](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/photographer) etc has done.

_Identify the expression that must be changed in order to correct this sentence._ ►\>\>Julian Draxler thinks he'll do a study of people's personal banking habits for his Msc composition. It has to be about 12,000 words.\<\<

Julian Draxler thinks he'll do a study of people's personal banking habits for his MSc **dissertation**. It has to be about 12,000 words. *NOTE:* A DISSERTATION is a long piece of writing on a particular [subject](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/subject), especially one written for a [university](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/university) [degree](https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/degree).

_If you try to translate the German expression_ *_"etwas überschlafen"_* _into English, you may end up being embraced by a FALSE FRIEND. Comply with the teacher's request._

(to) sleep on it

_If you try to translate the German sentence_ *_"Dann bin ich in der Marketingabteilung gelandet."_* _into English, you may end up being embraced by a FALSE FRIEND. Comply with the teacher's request._

Then I ended up in the marketing department.

_If you try to translate the German sentence_ *_"Das würde ich gerne erst einmal überschlafen."_* _into English, you may end up being embraced by a FALSE FRIEND. Comply with the teacher's request._

I'd like to sleep on it first.

_If you try to translate the German sentence_ *_"Der Bericht war totaler Mist."_* _into English, you may end up being embraced by a FALSE FRIEND. Comply with the teacher's request._

The report was total/complete nonsense.

_Listen to two speakers._ _Who are they?_ 1. two job applicants 2. two interviewers 3. interviewer and job applicant

**two interviewers**

_If you try to translate the German word_ *_"Fotograf"_* _into English, you may end up being embraced by a FALSE FRIEND. Answer the teacher’s question._

photographer

_If you try to translate the German word_ *_"landen"_* _into English, you may end up being embraced by a FALSE FRIEND. Answer the teacher’s question._

(to) end up

_If you try to translate the German word_ *_"Mist"_* _into English, you may end up being embraced by a FALSE FRIEND. Answer the teacher’s question._

nonsense

_Listen to a conversation._ _What does the woman think about the man?_ 1. He has done as much as he can. 2. He is over-obsessed by the project. 3. He has not appreciated his achievement.

He has not appreciated his achievement.

_Listen to a news report._ _What does the report suggest the detectives know?_ 1. how the woman was taken 2. where the woman was taken to 3. where the woman disappeared

where the woman disappeared

_Listen to a news report._ _What is the speaker describing?_ 1. a sports event 2. a journey 3. a theatrical event

a sports event

_Match the words on the left with the words they collocate with on the right._ 1. (to) contemplate **≠** a worker 2. (to) dismiss **≠** a mistake 3. (to) do **≠** a good time 4. (to) dribble **≠** your future 5. (to) have **≠** a rope 6. (to) make **≠** a compliment 7. (to) pay **≠** innocence 8. (to) plead **≠** cards 9. (to) set **≠** some gardening 10. (to) shuffle **≠** an opportunity 11. (to) waste **≠** a ball 12. (to) wind **≠** an example worker

1. (to) contemplate **=** your future 2. (to) dismiss **=** a worker 3. (to) do **=** some gardening 4. (to) dribble **=** a ball 5. (to) have **=** a good time 6. (to) make **=** a mistake 7. (to) pay **=** a compliment 8. (to) plead **=** innocence 9. (to) set **=** an example 10. (to) shuffle **=** cards 11. (to) waste **=** an opportunity 12. (to) wind **=** a rope

_Read the dictionary definition below. To which English word does it refer?_ **►**(to) **think that sth is true, although you do not have definite proof**

(to) think that sth is true, although you do not have definite proof = (to) **assume**

_Read the dictionary definition below. To which English word does it refer?_ **►**(to) **be very careful to make sure that sth is done properly or completely**

(to) be very careful to make sure that sth is done properly or completely ## Footnote **=** **assiduous**

_Read the explanation and insert the missing expression into the sentence._ ►**the money that someone pays regularly to use a room, house etc that belongs to someone else** \>\>low ►?s designed to attract new businesses to the area\<\<

low **rents** designed to attract new businesses to the area

_Read the explanation and insert the missing expression into the sentence._ ►**remaining after all the rest has been used, taken, or eaten** \>\>►? food attracts flies.\<\<

**Leftover** food attracts flies.

_What are more formal words for_ 1. _‘to_ **_hand in_**_’_ 2. _and for ‘to_ **_mark_**_’?_

1. (to) **submit** 2. (to) **assess**

_What do you hear?_

candour ["Aufrichtigkeit; Offenheit; Ehrlichkeit"]

_What do you hear?_

There was an uneasy truce between Alex and Dave over dinner.

_What do you hear?_

After the Blinken-Austin visit, Zelensky is set to meet Thursday with U.N. Secretary-General António Guterres.

_What do you hear?_

truce ["Waffenstillstand; Waffenruhe"]

_What do you hear?_

They agreed to call a truce.

_What do you hear?_

She spoke with candour about her life.

_What do you hear?_

With congressional approval for military assistance for Ukraine nearly exhausted, Biden has said he would seek approval for more aid.

_What do you hear?_

Carol sighed in exasperation.

_What do you hear?_

(to) repeal ["aufheben; widerrufen; außer Kraft setzen"]

_What do you hear?_

In each of the past two weeks, U.S. President Joe Biden has approved $800 million in shipments of arms for Ukraine, along with $500 million in economic assistance.

_What do you hear?_

a baleful look ["ein finsterer Blick"]

_What do you hear?_

baleful ["unheilvoll; verderblich; böse"]

_What do you hear?_

exasperation ["Verzweiflung; Erbitterung"]

_What does_ *_"benign"_* _mean? Choose the correct expression from the list._

harmless

_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the context of the sentence below?_ David Raum and his boyfriend had a ►_light_ lunch on Friday.

David Raum and his boyfriend had a ►_light_ lunch on Friday. = **small in amount**

_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the context of the sentence below?_ Where does the ►_stress_ go on the noun “photographer”?

Where does the ►_stress_ go on the noun “photographer”? = **part which you say loudest**

_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the context of the sentence below?_ Make a ►_note_ of any special register characteristics that a word has.

Make a ►_note_ of any special register characteristics that a word has. = **written record**

_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the context of the sentence below?_ Professional football players are very good at ►_putting on_ different English accents.

Professional football players are very good at ►_putting on_ different English accents. = **pretending to have**

_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the context of the sentence below?_ There are a lot of ►_points_ to think about when considering the meaning of words.

There are a lot of ►_points_ to think about when considering the meaning of words. = **issues**

_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the context of the sentence below?_ The judge increased Boris Becker's ►_sentence_ to life imprisonment.

The judge increased Boris Becker's ►_sentence_ to life imprisonment. = **punishment given by a judge**

_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the context of the sentence below?_ What does polysemy ►_mean_?

What does polysemy ►_mean_? = **signify**

_What is the meaning of the underlined word in the context of the sentence below?_ Does Spanish writing use any different ►_accents_?

Does Spanish writing use any different ►_accents_? = **mark above a letter to show how you pronounce it**

_What word means_ _‘the date by which you must do sth’?_

a **deadline**

_What word means_ _‘using someone else's ideas as if they were yours’?_

plagiarism

_Which English phrase corresponds to the following description? Use it to fill the gap in the example sentence._ ►(to) **tell design or organize sth so that it is suitable for a particular purpose, situation or group of people** \>\>These advertisements for singing lessons are **►**? pop singers.\<\<

Plenty of advertisements for singing lessons are **geared towards** pop singers.

_Which English phrase corresponds to the following dictionary definition? Use it to fill the gap in the example sentence._ ►(to) **tell design or organize sth so that it is suitable for a particular purpose, situation or group of people** \>\>Some knitting workshops are **►**? helping professional football players to become more employable.\<\<

Some knitting workshops are **geared towards** helping professional football players to become more employable.

_Which English phrase corresponds to the following dictionary definition? Use it to fill the gap in the example sentence._ ►(to) **prepare sb/sth for sth that you have to do, or to prepare someone else for sth** \>\>Professional football players are always **►**?for investing money.\<\<

Professional football players are always **gearing up** for investing money.

_Which English phrase corresponds to the following dictionary definition? Use it to fill the gap in the example sentence._ ►**in person: the physical presence of sb** \>\>Robert Habeck is tired of discussing his secret love affair with Christian Lindner over the phone. He wants him to meet and discuss it **►**?.\<\<

Robert Habeck is tired of discussing his secret love affair with Christian Lindner over the phone. He wants him to meet and discuss it **face to face**.

_Which English phrase corresponds to the following dictionary definition? Use it to fill the gap in the example sentence._ ►**hard work or physical effort** \>\>Professional footballers rarely clean the floors in their homes. It takes some **►**? to get them clean.\<\<

Professional footballers rarely clean the floors in their homes. It takes some **elbow grease** to get them clean.

_Which English phrase corresponds to the following dictionary definition? Use it to fill the gap in the example sentence._ ►(to) **prepare sb/sth for sth that you have to do, or to prepare someone else for sth** \>\>Annalena Baerbock is **►**?to ask Robert Habeck to give her her money back.\<\<

Annalena Baerbock is **gearing up** to ask Robert Habeck to give her her money back.

_Which English phrase corresponds to the following dictionary definition? Use it to fill the gap in the example sentence._ ►(to) **confront the unpleasant consequences of one's actions** \>\>The police are here to arrest Anton Hofreiter. Olaf Scholz guesses it's time for him to **►**?.\<\<

The police are here to arrest Anton Hofreiter. Olaf Scholz guesses it's time for him to **face the music**.

_Which English phrase corresponds to the following dictionary definition? Use it to fill the gap in the example sentence._ ►(to) **prepare sb/sth for sth that you have to do, or to prepare someone else for sth** \>\>Alexander Gauland is trying to **►**? himself up for his next month's English exam.\<\<

Alexander Gauland is trying to **gear** himself up for his next month's English exam.

_Which English word corresponds to the following description?_ ►**an agreement between enemies to stop fighting or arguing for a short time, or the period for which this is arranged**

truce

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**somebody does not have enough money to buy or do sth** 1. cost a fortune 2. exorbitant 3. astronomical 4. overpriced 5. sb can't afford it

somebody does not have enough money to buy or do sth = **sb can't afford it**

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**much too expensive** 1. a fortune 2. exorbitant 3. astronomical 4. overpriced 5. sb can't afford it

much too expensive = **exorbitant**

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**a person who is extremely enthusiastic about sport** 1. jockstrap 2. Johnny 3. jock 4. jog 5. joey

a person who is extremely enthusiastic about sport = **jock**

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**expensive in a way that wastes money** 1. expensive 2. high 3. dear 4. pricey 5. costly

costly

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**too expensive and not worth the price** 1. cost a fortune 2. exorbitant 3. astronomical 4. overpriced 5. sb can't afford it

too expensive and not worth the price = **overpriced**

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►[informal] **expensive** 1. expensive 2. high 3. dear 4. pricey 5. costly

pricey

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►If someone is for the ? , they're about to lose their job. 1. chimney 2. chill 3. chatter 4. chop 5. chatelaine

If someone is for the **chop**, they're about to lose their job.

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**an injury to a muscle caused by stretching it or using it too much** 1. gaze/scrape 2. gash 3. bump 4. sprain 5. strain 6. fracture

an injury to a muscle caused by stretching it or using it too much = **strain**

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**expensive -** compared to the usual price 1. expensive 2. high 3. dear 4. pricey 5. costly

dear

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**costing a lot of money -** used about rents, fees, prices, costs 1. expensive 2. high 3. dear 4. pricey 5. costly

high

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**a crack or a broken part in a bone** 1. gaze/scrape 2. gash 3. bump 4. sprain 5. strain 6. fracture

a crack or a broken part in a bone = **fracture**

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**a small injury that marks your skin or breaks the surface slightly** 1. gaze/scrape 2. gash 3. bump 4. sprain 5. strain 6. fracture

a small injury that marks your skin or breaks the surface slightly = **graze**/**scrape**

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**very expensive** 1. cost a fortune 2. exorbitant 3. astronomical 4. overpriced 5. sb can't afford it

very expensive **=** (to) cost a fortune

_Which expression from the list best matches the following dictionary definition?_ ►**costing a lot of money** 1. expensive 2. high 3. dear 4. pricey 5. costly

expensive

_Which grammatical type of meaning does the following text excerpt deal with?_

**synonymy**

_Which grammatical type of meaning does the following text excerpt deal with?_

**basic** meaning

_Which grammatical type of meaning does the following text excerpt deal with?_

**collocation**

_Which grammatical type of meaning does the following text excerpt deal with?_

**polysemy** or **multiple** meanings

_Which grammatical type of meaning does the following text excerpt deal with?_

**connotation**

_Which word pair from the list is suitable to fill in the gaps in the following sentence?_ \>\>You would not expect anyone **►**? intelligent to make **►**? stupid mistake, but Norbert Röttgen did so.

You would not expect anyone **so** intelligent to make **that** stupid mistake, but Norbert Röttgen did so.

_Which word pair from the list is suitable to fill in the gaps in the following sentence?_ \>\>The neutral mutation rate is known **►**? intelligent widely along human chromosomes, **►**? to mutational hot and cold regions.

The neutral mutation rate is known **to vary** widely along human chromosomes, **leading** to mutational hot and cold regions.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. Fill in the gap in the following sentence using information you heard in the lecture._ \>\>The extinction of one species of ►? has prevented scientists from finding a cure for excess stomach acid.\<\<

The extinction of one species of **frog** has prevented scientists from finding a cure for excess stomach acid.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. Fill in the gap in the following sentence using information you heard in the lecture._ \>\>A ►? on the beetle's shell repels water and aids the formation of large droplets.\<\<

A **waxy finish** on the beetle's shell repels water and aids the formation of large droplets.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. Fill in the gap in the following sentence using information you heard in the lecture._ \>\>Wood has the beneficial feature of being able to ►?.

Wood has the beneficial feature of being able to **hold nails**.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. Fill in the gap in the following sentence using information you heard in the lecture._ \>\>Velcro was developed after its inventor observed the sticking qualities of one particular plant's ►?.

Velcro was developed after its inventor observed the sticking qualities of one particular plant's **seed heads**.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. For the question below, complete the space with a word or a short phrase._ \>\>Biomimicry imitates nature's structures, processes and ►? to create new ideas.\<\<

Biomimicry imitates nature's structures, processes and **systems** to create new ideas.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. Fill in the gap in the following sentence using information you heard in the lecture._ \>\>The Namibian Fog Basking beetle uses its ability to ►? in order to live in harsh conditions.\<\<

The Namibian Fog Basking beetle uses its ability to **harvest moisture** in order to live in harsh conditions.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. Fill in the gap in the following sentence using information you heard in the lecture._ \>\>The ‘Able Project’ uses ►? from the composting process as an input to the fish farm.\<\<

The ‘Able Project’ uses **worms** from the composting process as an input to the fish farm.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. Fill in the gap in the following sentence using information you heard in the lecture._ \>\>The synthetic ‘wood’ created for the post office will not ►? according to surrounding environmental conditions.\<\<

The synthetic ‘wood’ created for the post office will not **change shape** according to surrounding environmental conditions.

_You will hear part of a radio programme about Biomimicry, the science of copying nature in order to create new technologies. Fill in the gap in the following sentence using information you heard in the lecture._ \>\>The Sahara Forest project utilised this concept in the design of a ►?.\<\<

The Sahara Forest project utilised this concept in the design of a **greenhouse**.

_Listen to a conversation._ _What does the woman think about the design of the object?_ 1. It is not to her taste. 2. It is inappropriate. 3. It is of the wrong material.

It is inappropriate.

_Listen to part of a business presentation. Who are the speaker's clients?_ 1. designers 2. buyers 3. manufacturers

manufactures

_Listen to an expert._ _What does the speaker think university careers advisors should do?_ 1. give more useful advice 2. rethink their procedures 3. be more sympathetic

rethink their procedures

_Answer this question about connotation. Which of these things have_ **_lucky_** _connotations in British English?_ 1. horseshoe 2. mascot 3. black cat 4. the number 13

1. horseshoe 2. mascot 3. black cat NOTE: Black cats are *unlucky* in the US.

_Answer this question about connotation._ *_Mistletoe_* _is a kind of parasitic plant, but what are its special connotations?_

It is associated with *Christmas* because it is used as a decoration at that time of year and with kissing because tradition says you can kiss anyone who is standing under the mistletoe.

_Answer this question about connotation. Give the_ *_standard_* _meaning and the_ *_informal_* _meaning of the following words._ 1. loaf 2. bread 3. nick 4. kid 5. wicked

1. **loaf** ◊ STANDARD = large piece of bread before it is cut into slices // ◊ INFORMAL = head 2. **bread** ◊ STANDARD = food made from flower and water // ◊ INFORMAL = money 3. **nick** ◊ STANDARD = cut slightly // ◊ INFORMAL = prison; steal 4. **kid** ◊ STANDARD = young goat // ◊ INFORMAL = child 5. **wicked** ◊ STANDARD = evil; morally bad // ◊ INFORMAL = wonderful

_Answer this question about register._ _What does the word_ *_register_* _mean for …_ 1. a linguist 2. a school teacher 3. a musician?

1. a **linguist** = language appropriate to a particular situation, e.g. formal, informal, academic, etc 2. a **school teacher** = record of the absences of pupils 3. a **musician** = all the notes a musical instrument or a person's voice can produce

_Which word is missing?_

strain

_Which word corresponds to the following dictionary definition?_ ►**an injury to a muscle caused by stretching it or using it too much**

strain

_REFERENCES IN CLASSIC LITERATURE:_ _Fill in the missing word by means of the dictionary definition below._ ►**a situation in which something is being pulled or pushed, or is holding weight, and so might break or become damaged** \>\>By experiment its one and fifty yarns will each suspend a weight of one hundred and twenty pounds; so that the whole rope will bear a ►? nearly equal to three tons.\<\< **SAUCE©: Herman Melville:** ***Moby Dick***

By experiment its one and fifty yarns will each suspend a weight of one hundred and twenty pounds; so that the whole rope will bear a **strain** nearly equal to three tons.

_The following sentence is incorrect. Revise it and give reasons for the correction._ \>\>This report shows the company's sales figure for Asia.\<\<

This report shows the company's sales **figures** for Asia. NOTE► **When referring to a set of numbers always use the plural form.**

_The following sentence is incorrect. Revise it and give reasons for the correction._ \>\>The document was written in typical language.\<\<

The document was written in **formal** language. NOTE► **‘Typical’ (having all the qualities that sth usually has) does not mean the same as ‘formal’ (serious and correct).**

_The following sentence is incorrect. Revise it and give reasons for the correction._ \>\>It is the unique bus which goes to the airport.\<\<

It is the **only** bus which goes to the airport. NOTE► **‘Unique’ describes sth that is special or unusual because only one example of it exists. If sth is not special or important, you should use the adjective ‘only’.**

_The following sentence is incorrect. Revise it and give reasons for the correction._ \>\>What did Annalena Baerbock used to do at school when she was a young girl?\<\<

What did Annalena Baerbock **use to** do at school when she was a young girl? NOTE► **‘Used to + verb’ is for talking about a situation or regular activity in the past. When you make ‘used to + verb’ into a question or negative using the verb ‘do’, the correct form is ‘use to’.**

_Write the correct form of the plural in the second column._

_Plural Noun Rules_ There are many plural noun rules, and because we use nouns so frequently when writing, it’s important to know all of them! The correct [spelling of plurals](https://www.grammarly.com/blog/spelling-plurals-with-s-es/) usually depends on what letter the singular noun ends in. **►**What do you have to do to put **regular nouns** in the plural?

_ENGLISH VOCABULARY for ADVANCED LEARNERS_ **►**_All these words mean_ **_rude_**_, but which is the strongest?_ 1. ill-mannered 2. impolite 3. insolent 4. discourteous 5. uncivil

_ENGLISH VOCABULARY for ADVANCED LEARNERS_

_What type of dictionary is this?_ ►the most common type; words are arranged in alphabetical order

alphabetical

_What type of dictionary is this?_ ►the words are arranged according to meaning, usually under a broad heading, e.g. under ‘walk’ we would find ‘stroll’, ‘plod’, ‘stride’, etc., with explanations

thesaurus

_What type of dictionary is this?_ ►in one language only; popular learners' dictionaries of English are often monolingual, and have detailed explanations in English, with examples of use

monolingual

_What phrasal verb do we use when someone doesn't complete their course?_

(to) drop out

_What do you hear?_

benign ["kind and gentle"]

_What do you hear?_

He shook his head in benign amusement.

_Which word from the list corresponds to the following dictionary entry?_

idea; thought

_What do you hear?_

concept ["an idea of how sth is, or how sth should be done"]

_What do you hear?_

the concept of total patient care

_What do you hear?_

the concept of infinite space

_What do you hear?_

the concept that we are citizens of one world

_What do you hear?_

a new concept in business travel

_What do you hear?_

our basic concepts of decent human behaviour

_What do you hear?_

It' very simple, once you grasp the concept.

# _Fill in the gap in the following sentence with a suitable word from the list._ \>\>Annalena Baerbock failed to get anyone to repair the taps for her at the weekend, ►? could she do it on her own.\<\<

Annalena Baerbock failed to get anyone to repair the taps for her at the weekend, **nor** could she do it on her own.

# _Fill in the gap in the following sentence with a suitable word from the list._ \>\>The results of last weekend's poll have ►?to be announced and officials say it could be ►?week before they are.\<\<

The results of last weekend's poll have **yet** to be announced and officials say it could be **another** week before they are.

_Which idiomatic expression do you know to express the following?_ ►(to) be ignored or disregarded *example:* Every time Thilo Kehrer asks his boyfriend to do the dishes, his requests ►?.

Every time Thilo Kehrer asks his boyfriend to do the dishes, his requests **fall on deaf ears**.

_Which idiomatic expression do you know to express the following?_ ►(to) be missed or overlooked *example:* How did Hansi Flick overlook Ridle Baku's million dollar account? Somehow it ►?.

How did Hansi Flick overlook Ridle Baku's million dollar account? Somehow it **fell through the cracks**.

_Which word (verb) is meant here?_ ►(to) think that sth is true, although you do not have definite proof

(to) assume

_What do you have to do to form the plural of regular nouns?_

_What do you have to do to form the plural of regular nouns if the singular noun ends in -s, -ss, sh, ch, -x, or -z?_

_In some cases, singular nouns ending in -s or -z, require that …_