English Flashcards
characterized by the use of standard English, more complex sentence structures, infrequent use of personal pronouns, and lack of colloquial or slang terms. Ex, We regret to inform you that the delivery will be delayed due to adverse weather conditions.
formal (language style)
more casual and spontaneous. It is used when communicating with friends or family either in writing or in conversation. It is used when writing personal emails, text messages and in some business correspondence. The tone of ——- language is more personal than formal language. Ex. Sorry, but the delivery will be late because of the weather.
It was raining cats and dogs, I considered various research methods for the study, etc.
informal (language style)
a variety of English which is associated with a particular region and/or social class. To state the obvious, speakers from different geographical regions speak English rather differently: hence we refer to ‘Geordie’ (Newcastle English), ‘New York English’ or ‘Cornish English. Ex. Australian English, Chilean Spanish, Egyptian Arabic, and Jamaican Patois.
dialect (language style)
the language, especially the vocabulary, peculiar to a particular trade, profession, or group; medical ——- ”. A language that is characterized by uncommon or pretentious vocabulary and convoluted syntax and is often vague in meaning. Ex. plumbers might use terms such as elbow, ABS, sweating the pipes, reducer, flapper, snake, and rough-in.
jargon (language style)
interrupt your writing to insert an interjection or pause, or to add additional information
Dashes ( - )
to insert explanations, corrections, clarifications, or comments into quoted material. (To enclose incidental or supplemental information or comments.)
Brackets ( ) (parentheses)
a form of punctuation used to end a declarative sentence
Periods ( . )
to indicate strong feelings and convey emotion, as well as to indicate shouting or high volume.
Exclamation Marks ( ! )
to enclose or set off exact words. They are used to indicate a person’s exact written or spoken words, and in certain situations they are also used to set off words, phrases, or specific types of titles.
Quotation Marks ( “” )
used to indicate the omission of words or suggest an incomplete thought.
Ellipsis ( … )
to clarify a series and to indicate two closely related sentences. Used to join related independent clauses in compound sentences and to separate items in a series if the elements of the series already include commas.
Semicolon ( ; )
to introduce a list, quotation, or explanation following an independent clause (complete sentence). Used before an extended quotation, explanation, example, series, etc. and after the salutation of a formal letter.
Colon ( : )
the narrator is a person in the story, telling the story from their own point of view. The narration usually utilizes the pronoun I (or we, if the narrator is speaking as part of a group).
First Person POV
the reader is part of the story. The narrator describes the reader’s actions, thoughts, and background using “you.” It’s all about how you look at it. When you tell a story, an important thing to choose is the point of view that the story should take.
Second Person POV
the narrator exists outside the events of the story, and relates the actions of the characters by referring to their names or by the third-person pronouns he, she, or they.
Third Person POV
This is a common form of third-person narration in which the teller of the tale, who often appears to speak with the voice of the author himself, assumes an omniscient (all-knowing) perspective on the story being told: diving into private thoughts, narrating secret or hidden events, …
Ex. When you read “As the campers settled into their tents, Zara hoped her eyes did not betray her fear, and Lisa silently wished for the night to quickly end”
Third Person Omniscient
the POV that uses a narrator with access to only one character’s perspective, a limited perspective. This means that the narrator experiences one character’s emotions and internal thoughts and perceives any surrounding characters through their eyes as an observer.
Third Person Limited
a direct statement that lets the reader know exactly what you’re discussing, how you’re discussing it, and what your claim is.
direct statement of thesis
when the one is connected with the other in any of the ways referred to in the provisions of this Act relating to the relevancy of facts.
Relevant Fact
real-life stories that often happened to the writer or speaker.
Personal Anecdote
a form of narrative writing that has all the same elements as novels—plot, character development, point of view, story structure, theme—but are delivered in fewer words
Short Narrative
a sentence containing a subordinate clause or clauses. Ex. The rangers who serve in Banff National Park are very knowledgeable.
When Billy Nathanson was gunned down outside his suburban Toronto home, Canada’s biggest city gave a collective shrug.
Although it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.
Complex Sentence
a sentence that has at least two independent clauses joined by a comma, semicolon or conjunction. An independent clause is a clause that has a subject and verb and forms a complete thought. Ex, Our team didn’t always win, but we always tried to be good sports.
This house is too expensive, and that house is too small.
Compound Sentence
a sentence that consists of one independent clause and no dependent clauses. Ex. The child screamed.
A large yellow dog bounded across the yard.
Simple Sentence
