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powerplant > Engine Instruments > Flashcards

Engine Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of engine instruments?

A

Necessary for the flight crew to properly adjust and monitor engine system operations and for troubleshooting

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2
Q

Engine instruments must be mounted in a way that is resistive to what type of vibrations?

A

High
Amplitude
Low
Frequency

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3
Q

What are transient markings?

A

A diamond, dot, triangle, or a second red radial line, that indicate the absolute max limit

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4
Q

What does a slippage mark look like?

A

A white radial line starting on the instrument case and extending to the face of the glass

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5
Q

When is a slippage mark used?

A

Must be present when range markings are on the glass

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6
Q

What do slippage marks do?

A

Show if the glass has loosened or moved

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7
Q

What do bourdon tubes measure?

A

High pressure or Temperature

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8
Q

What are 3 examples of high pressure systems?

A

Hydraulic
Oil
Oxygen

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9
Q

Pressure is directly affected by what?

A

Temperature

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10
Q

What are diaphragms used to measure?

A

Low pressure
Has high sensitivity

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11
Q

What do bellows measure?

A

Low pressure
Has a greater range of movement

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12
Q

What FAR talks about tachometers being a primary engine instrument?

A

FAR 91.205(b)(4)

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13
Q

What do tachometers measure on reciprocating engines?

A

Crankshaft RPM

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14
Q

What do tachometers measure on helicopters and turbines?

A

Rotor or propeller RPM

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15
Q

For turbine engines, the tachometer will indicate in:

A

Percent of RPM

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16
Q

What is the most common type of mechanical tachometer?

A

Magnetic Drag Cup

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17
Q

What is the electric tachometer called that is engine driven and produces a three phase AC current at differing frequencies with different speeds?

A

Tach Generator
(Higher engine RPM = Higher frequency)

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18
Q

The tach generator produces a three phase variable frequency signal that drives what?

A

A synchronous motor inside the instrument

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19
Q

What type of electric motor is commonly used in electric tachometers?

A

Synchronous motor

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20
Q

The indicator of a tachometer system is responsive to changes in?

A

Frequency

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21
Q

Why do helicopters require a minimum of two synchronous tachometer systems?

A

One indicates engine RPM and the other for the main rotor RPM

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22
Q

What unit in an electric type tachometer system sends information to the indicator?

A

The three phase AC tach generator

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23
Q

An electric tachometer uses a synchronous motor which is governed by the tach generator’s:

A

Frequency

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24
Q

In what units are turbine engine tachometers calibrated?

A

Percent of engine RPM

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25
Q

Where is the oil temperature probe placed?

A

In the oil line where the oil enters the engine (after cooling)
((So that it can give an indication of the efficiency of the oil-cooling system))

26
Q

What circuits are used for electrical oil temperature gauges?

A

Wheatstone Bridge
Or
Ratiometer Circuit

27
Q

A thermocouple temperature indicating system is self-contained and requires ___ ______ _____.

A

No external power

28
Q

The basic measuring device in the instrument used for measuring temperature with thermocouples is what?

A

A Galvanometer

29
Q

What are thermocouples used on reciprocating engines made of?

A

Iron and Constantan
Or
Copper and Constantan

30
Q

What is used to indicate the fuel-air ratio being burned inside the cylinders on a recip engine?

A

The Exhaust-Gas Analyzer

31
Q

How are the EGT probes on a turbine engine wired?

A

In parallel

32
Q

What are thermocouples used on turbine engines made of?

A

Chromel and Alumel

33
Q

Where are EGT thermocouples located on a turbine engine?

A

Immediately after the last turbine stage

34
Q

What instrument is monitored to determine whether the start is normal or a hot start on a gas turbine engine?

A

Exhaust Gas Temperature

35
Q

What is Engine Pressure Ratio (EPR)?

A

A ratio of the turbine discharge pressure to the compressor inlet pressure

36
Q

What is the EPR used for?

A

To determine the amount of thrust being generated by a turbine engine

37
Q

What is the equation used to determine EPR?

A

Pt (exhaust)
EPR= ——————
Pt (intake)

38
Q

Where is the turbine discharge pressure sensor located?

A

Immediately aft of the last turbine stage

39
Q

What is the Manifold Pressure Indicator (MAP) calibrated in?

A

Inches of Mercury

40
Q

What does the MAP measure?

A

The pressure in the intake manifold of a reciprocating engine
(Direct measure of engine power output)

41
Q

If a complete break in the line between the manifold pressure gauge and the induction system should occur:

A

The manifold pressure gauge will indicate the prevailing atmospheric pressure at all engine speeds

42
Q

What does FAR 91.205 state?

A

Manifold Pressure Indicator (MAP) is required on (boosted) turbo and supercharged engines

43
Q

What are the two types of thermocouples used for Cylinder Head Temperature indicators?

A

Seal or Gasket
And
Bayonet type

44
Q

Where are the hot and cold junctions for CHT located?

A

Hot = at the cylinder head
Cold = at the indicator

45
Q

Can thermocouples be altered?

A

NO
NEVER
NADA

46
Q

What are the 3 basic types of fuel quantity indicators?

A

Mechanical
Resistance (electric)
Capacitance (electronic)

47
Q

Large aircraft consume fuel based on what?

A

Fuel weight not volume

48
Q

Capacitance quantity indicators measure what?

A

Measures the weight of fuel in the tanks rather than the volume

49
Q

Pressure is a direct indication of power output, because…..

A

Engine power is proportional to fuel consumption and fuel flow is directly proportional to pressure

50
Q

Fuel pressure gauge can be calibrated in ___ __ _____.

A

Percent of power

51
Q

The fuel flow meter used with continuous flow fuel injection systems is a pressure gauge that measures what?

A

The pressure drop across the injector nozzles

52
Q

On a twin engine aircraft with fuel injected recips, one fuel flow reads higher than the other in all engine operating configurations. What is the cause?

A

One or more fuel nozzles are clogged

53
Q

The fuel flow indication system used with many fuel injected opposed engine airplanes utilizes a measure of:

A

Fuel pressure

54
Q

In an aircraft equipped with a pressure drop type fuel flow indicating system, if one of the injector nozzles becomes restricted, this would cause a decrease in fuel flow, with:

A

An increased fuel flow indication on the gauge

55
Q

What is the most accurate means to determine fuel consumption of a recip engine?

A

Fuel Flowmeters
(Shows amount of fuel in gallons or pounds consumed per hour)

56
Q

What are the 3 synchro units?

A

Autosyn
Magnasyn
Selsyn

57
Q

What is the biggest difference between the autosyn unit and selsyn unit?

A

Autosyn uses AC
Selsyn uses DC

58
Q

How is motor driven impeller and turbine fuel flow transmitters designed to transmit data?

A

Using aircraft electrical system power

59
Q

The fuel flow indicator rotor and needle for a motor impeller and turbine indicating system is driven by?

A

An electrical signal

60
Q

The fuel flow indication data sent from motor driven impeller and turbine and motorless type fuel flow transmitters is a measure of?

A

Mass fuel flow

powerplant (13 decks)

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