Energy Transformation Flashcards
What are the important sources of energy?
Thermal, Chemical, Electromagnetic
Where is the energy located in the ATP molecule?
On the last bond, sealed by a phosphate.
What is the classification of organisms based on their energy source?
Phototrophs (get energy from light) and Chemotrophs (get energy from organic molecules)
What is the classification of organisms based on their carbon source?
Autotrophs (inorganic sources such as CO2) and Heterotrophs (organic macromolecules)
What is the 1st Law of Thermodynamics
Conservation of energy
What is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Entropy
Most of an organism’s energy will be lost to…
…growth, survival, and reproduction.
Exergonic reaction…
Is a reaction that gives off energy. Exergonic reactions have a negative delta G, which means they are catabolic.
Endergonic reaction…
It requires an input of energy (anabolic); therefore it has a positive delta G.
ATP Hydrolisis
Most common exergonic reaction that releases energy for use in endergonic processes.
Energetic coupling is…
…attaching one reaction to another in order to increase the energy of it.
What are some of the electron carriers found in the cell?
ATP, NADH (cellular respiration), NADPH (photosynthesis)
What are enzymes?
Proteins that regulate chemical reactions and energy transfer
Enzymes are able to take every molecules
False; they are substrate-specific
During a reaction, the enzymes are…
…not worn off, which allows them to be used over and over again
