Energy Systems In Muscle Cells Flashcards
What occurs during vigorous exercise?
Lactate metabolism occurs as the muscle cells do not get sufficient oxygen to support the electron transport chain or citric acid cycle
When there is no oxygen present in cells what does pyruvate convert to?
Lactate
What is the role of NADH in lactate metabolism?
NADH supplies hydrogen ions produced during glycolysis to convert pyruvate into lactate, this means that NADH becomes NAD again, regenerating NAD which is needed to maintain ATP production through glycolysis.
What happens when lactate builds up?
Muscle fatigue occurs
What must be repaid in order for lactate fermentation to end?
The oxygen debt
Is lactate fermentation a reversible pathway?
Yes
What does respiration provide energy for in terms of converting lactate?
Respiration provides energy that converts lactate back into pyruvate and glucose in the liver
What is the purpose of skeletal muscle?
To move bones in the body
What are the two types of skeletal muscle fibres?
Slow twitch
Fast twitch
What are features of slow twitch muscle fibres?
They contract relatively slowly
They rely on aerobic respiration to generate ATP
They have many mitochondria
They have a large blood supply
They have a large concentration of myoglobin
What are features of fast twitch muscle fibre?
Fast twitch muscle fibres contract relatively quickly
Fast twitch muscles generate ATP through glycolysis only
Fast twitch muscles have fewer mitochondria than slow twitch
Fast twitch muscles have a poor/lower blood supply
What is the major storage fuel of fast twitch muscle??
Glycogen
What is the major storage fuel of slow twitch muscle fibre?
Fats
What is myoglobin?
Myoglobin is a protein that is very good at storing oxygen for respiration
What is the concentration of myoglobin like in fast twitch muscles?
Low
