Energy Systems - Aerobic System (A2)

Question 1

What type of reaction is the Aerobic System process

Answer 1

Aerobic

Question 2

Which stage does the Aerobic System follow on from?

Answer 2

Phosphofructokinase breaking down Glycogen into Pyruvic Acid and 2 ATP

Question 3

When can you carry on the breakdown of Pyruvic Acid?

Answer 3

If there is sufficient oxygen

Question 4

Which enzyme breaks down Pyruvic Acid and what does it produce?

Answer 4

Coenzyme A

Produces: Acetyl CoA

Question 5

Where does Acetyl CoA move to and why does it do this?

Answer 5

The mitochondria as it is the site of aerobic respiration

Question 6

What does Acetyl CoA combine with in the mitochondria and what does it produce?

Answer 6

Combines with Oxalocetic Acid to produce Citric Acid

Question 7

What cycle does Citric Acid enter?

Answer 7

Krebs Cycle

Question 8

What is citric acid split into in the Krebs Cycle?

Answer 8

2 ATP molecules
Hydrogen
Carbon Dioxide

Question 9

What process occurs after the Krebs Cycle?

Answer 9

Electron Transport Chain

Question 10

What is hydrogen split into (ETC)?

Answer 10

H+ proton

H- electron

Question 11

What gas binds with the H+ molecule and what is produced?

Answer 11

Oxygen -> produces water

Question 12

What are the names of the 2 hydrogen carriers?

Answer 12

NAD and FAD

Question 13

How many electrons can a FAD or NAD carrier pick up?

Answer 13

2 electrons each (1 pair)

Question 14

How much energy does FAD produce?

Answer 14

Enough energy for the resysnthesis of 2 ATP molecules

Question 15

How much energy does NAD produce?

Answer 15

Enough energy for the resysnthesis of 3 ATP molecules

Question 16

How much ATP does the ETC produce?

Answer 16

34 ATP

Question 17

How much ATP is produced in the aerobic system overall?

Answer 17

38 ATP

Question 18

Where does the spare 4 ATP come from?

Answer 18

2 ATP from the Glycolytic System

2 ATP from the Krebs Cycle

Question 19

What are the 3 overall stages to the Aerobic System?

Answer 19

Aerobic Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain

Question 20

What is the energy equation for the Aerobic System?

Answer 20

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H20 + Energy

Question 21

What two by products are produced in the Aerobic System?

Answer 21

CO2 and H2O

Question 22

What are the strengths of the Aerobic System?

Answer 22

High ATP yield (1:38)
Long duration of energy production
Large fuels (triglycerides, free fatty acids, glycogen and glucose)

Question 23

What are the weaknesses of the Aerobic System?

Answer 23

Complex reaction series
Delay for oxygen delivery
Slow energy production limits to sub maximal activity

Question 24

What is the duration of this energy system?

Answer 24

3 minutes onwards

Question 25

What substance broken down as fuel for low intensity exercise (not glycogen/glucose)?

Answer 25

Fat

Question 26

Which enzyme breaks fat down?

Answer 26

Lipase

Question 27

What does lipase break fat down into?

Answer 27

Free fatty acids and glycerol

Question 28

How much more oxygen is required to breakdown fats rather than glucose?

Answer 28

15% more