Energy Systems - Aerobic System (A2) Flashcards
What type of reaction is the Aerobic System process
Aerobic
Which stage does the Aerobic System follow on from?
Phosphofructokinase breaking down Glycogen into Pyruvic Acid and 2 ATP
When can you carry on the breakdown of Pyruvic Acid?
If there is sufficient oxygen
Which enzyme breaks down Pyruvic Acid and what does it produce?
Coenzyme A
Produces: Acetyl CoA
Where does Acetyl CoA move to and why does it do this?
The mitochondria as it is the site of aerobic respiration
What does Acetyl CoA combine with in the mitochondria and what does it produce?
Combines with Oxalocetic Acid to produce Citric Acid
What cycle does Citric Acid enter?
Krebs Cycle
What is citric acid split into in the Krebs Cycle?
2 ATP molecules
Hydrogen
Carbon Dioxide
What process occurs after the Krebs Cycle?
Electron Transport Chain
What is hydrogen split into (ETC)?
H+ proton
H- electron
What gas binds with the H+ molecule and what is produced?
Oxygen -> produces water
What are the names of the 2 hydrogen carriers?
NAD and FAD
How many electrons can a FAD or NAD carrier pick up?
2 electrons each (1 pair)
How much energy does FAD produce?
Enough energy for the resysnthesis of 2 ATP molecules
How much energy does NAD produce?
Enough energy for the resysnthesis of 3 ATP molecules
How much ATP does the ETC produce?
34 ATP
How much ATP is produced in the aerobic system overall?
38 ATP
Where does the spare 4 ATP come from?
2 ATP from the Glycolytic System
2 ATP from the Krebs Cycle
What are the 3 overall stages to the Aerobic System?
Aerobic Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
What is the energy equation for the Aerobic System?
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H20 + Energy
What two by products are produced in the Aerobic System?
CO2 and H2O
What are the strengths of the Aerobic System?
High ATP yield (1:38) Long duration of energy production Large fuels (triglycerides, free fatty acids, glycogen and glucose)
What are the weaknesses of the Aerobic System?
Complex reaction series
Delay for oxygen delivery
Slow energy production limits to sub maximal activity
What is the duration of this energy system?
3 minutes onwards
What substance broken down as fuel for low intensity exercise (not glycogen/glucose)?
Fat
Which enzyme breaks fat down?
Lipase
What does lipase break fat down into?
Free fatty acids and glycerol
How much more oxygen is required to breakdown fats rather than glucose?
15% more
