Energy systems

Question 1

Aerobic Respiration

Answer 1

The usual process for releasing energy for your muscles - occurs WITH oxygen.

Question 2

The equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 2

Glucose + Oxygen =
Energy + CO2 +Water

Question 3

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 3

This is when your muscles have to work at a very intense level - occurs WITHOUT oxygen.

Question 4

The equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 4

Glucose = Energy + Lactic acid

Question 5

3 stages involved with anaerobic energy systems

Answer 5

Glycolysis
The Krebs Cycle
The Electron Transport Chain

Question 6

What is ATP

Answer 6

The ATP molecule is
how your energy is
stored and used in the
body.

Question 7

How much ATP is produced overall

Answer 7

Up to 38 ATP are
produced across the 3
stages.

Question 8

V02 max

Answer 8

the maximum volume
of oxygen that can
be consumed by the
working muscles
per minute.

Question 9

Factors affecting V02 max

Answer 9

Age
Muscle fibres
Training
Genetics
RBC count
Lifestyle
Body composition
Gender

Question 10

Measurements of energy expenditure

Answer 10

Indirect Calorimetry
Lactate Sampling
VO2 Max
Respiratory Exchange
Ratio (RER)

Question 11

Lactate accumulation

Answer 11

the increase of lactate as a result of anaerobic activity.

Question 12

Lactate threshold

Answer 12

the point during exercise at which lactic acid quickly
accumulates in the
blood.

Question 13

OBLA

Answer 13

the point at which blood
lactate levels go above 4 millimoles per litre.

Question 14

Factors affecting lactate accumulation

Answer 14

Intensity of exercise
Fitness of performer
VO2 max of performer
Performer’s OBLA

Question 15

Specialist training methods

Answer 15

Altitude
HIIT
Speed agility Quickness
Plyometrics

Question 16

The ‘breakdown of fatty acids in order to provide ATP’ is known as what?

Answer 16

Beta oxidation

Question 17

What is EPOC

Answer 17

• It is the volume of oxygen consumed in recovery above the resting rate
• occurs in order to repay the oxygen debt and begin to break down lactic acid
• occurs in order to resynthesise ATP levels
• occurs in order to resaturate myoglobin
  with oxygen

Question 18

What is lactate sampling

Answer 18

measuring the level of lactate in the blood stream

Question 19

Why is locate sampling used

Answer 19

It can be taken to understand at what point during exercise/performance OBLA
occurs (4mmol/L). It should be used by performers who exercise anaerobically but
at a submaximal level

Question 20

How to test V02 max

Answer 20

Carried out on a treadmill or other cardiovascular equipment, it is used to calculate the maximum amount of oxygen that can be consumed per minute

Question 21

How to measure Indirect calorimetry

Answer 21

measures the consumption of oxygen and production of
Co2 using a mask and metabolic cart. It can be used at rest or during exercise and
would mainly be used by endurance athletes

Question 22

What is RER

Answer 22

Ratio of carbon dioxide produced compared to oxygen consumed in order to measure a performer’s reaction to
exercise. It should mainly be used by endurance athletes